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Sociocultural Mechanisms Concerning Cropping Systems in Mountain Agriculture: A Case Study of the Eastern Slopes of Tanzania’s Uluguru Mountains

Author

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  • Yuko Yamane

    (International Cooperation Center for Agricultural Education, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan)

  • Kasumi Ito

    (International Cooperation Center for Agricultural Education, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan)

Abstract

In agricultural science, the establishment of a given cropping system in mountainous areas is often understood from the relationship between differences of altitude-specific, agroecological conditions and crop cultivation characteristics. However, social factors can also play a role. We aimed to clarify how the cropping system is maintained through examining sociocultural factors, specifically land tenure and marriage systems, in an agricultural community in rural mountainous Africa. Several surveys based on participatory observation accompanied by home stays were conducted to determine people who participated in cropping systems and to understand which social system maintained the cropping system. We found that around 70% of target households in Kiboguwa village cultivated three staple crops (maize, cassava and rice) using the same cropping system and almost no farmers outside the village used the village’s sloped fields, meaning that the villagers maintained the cropping system. Households acquired nearby sloped fields by various means such as inheriting land through maternal lineage of household heads or wives. We observed virilocal and uxorilocal residence at similar degrees—and if either the husband or wife was from outside the village, that household would also have fields outside the village. However, nearly 80% of marriages were intravillage and villagers predominantly used fields located within the village limits regardless of the residence type, which helped maintain the cropping system.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuko Yamane & Kasumi Ito, 2020. "Sociocultural Mechanisms Concerning Cropping Systems in Mountain Agriculture: A Case Study of the Eastern Slopes of Tanzania’s Uluguru Mountains," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-16, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:gam:jagris:v:10:y:2020:i:9:p:377-:d:404915
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Saito, K.A. & Weidermann, C.J., 1990. "Agricultural Extension For Women Farmers In Africa," World Bank - Discussion Papers 103, World Bank.
    2. Yuko Yamane & Jagath Kularatne & Kasumi Ito, 2018. "Diversity of Cropping Patterns and Factors Affecting Homegarden Cultivation in Kiboguwa on the Eastern Slopes of the Uluguru Mountains in Tanzania," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 8(9), pages 1-20, September.
    3. Saito, Katrine A. & Weidemann, C. Jean, 1990. "Agricultural extension for women farmers in Africa," Policy Research Working Paper Series 398, The World Bank.
    4. Anderson, Robert B. & Dana, Leo Paul & Dana, Teresa E., 2006. "Indigenous land rights, entrepreneurship, and economic development in Canada: "Opting-in" to the global economy," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 41(1), pages 45-55, February.
    5. Yujiro Hayami & Masao Kikuchi, 2000. "A Rice Village Saga," Palgrave Macmillan Books, Palgrave Macmillan, number 978-0-230-59918-5, December.
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