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A self-adaptive method to equalize headways: Numerical analysis and comparison

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  • Liang, Shidong
  • Zhao, Shuzhi
  • Lu, Chunxiu
  • Ma, Minghui

Abstract

In uncontrolled bus systems, buses tend to bunch due to the stochastic nature of traffic flows and passenger demand at bus stops. Although schedules and priori target methods introduce slack time to delay buses at control points to maintain constant headways between successive buses, too much slack required delay passengers on-board. In addition, these methods focus on regular headways and do not consider the rates of convergence of headways after disturbances. We propose a self-adaptive control scheme to equalize the headways of buses with little slack in a single line automatically. The proposed method only requires the information from the current bus at the control point and both its leading and following buses. This elegant method is shown to regulate headways faster than existing methods. In addition, compared to previous self-equalizing methods, the proposed method can improve the travel time of buses by about 12%, while keeping the waiting time of passengers almost the same.

Suggested Citation

  • Liang, Shidong & Zhao, Shuzhi & Lu, Chunxiu & Ma, Minghui, 2016. "A self-adaptive method to equalize headways: Numerical analysis and comparison," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 33-43.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transb:v:87:y:2016:i:c:p:33-43
    DOI: 10.1016/j.trb.2016.02.008
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Weiya Chen & Hengpeng Zhang & Chunxiao Chen & Xiaofan Wei, 2021. "An Integrated Bus Holding and Speed Adjusting Strategy Considering Passenger’s Waiting Time Perceptions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-20, May.
    2. Liang, Shidong & Zhang, Hu & Fang, Zhiming & He, Shengxue & Zhao, Jing & Leng, Rongmeng & Ma, Minghui, 2022. "Optimal control to improve reliability of demand responsive transport priority at signalized intersections considering the stochastic process," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 218(PB).
    3. van Lieshout, Rolf N. & Bouman, Paul C. & van den Akker, Marjan & Huisman, Dennis, 2021. "A self-organizing policy for vehicle dispatching in public transit systems with multiple lines," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 46-64.
    4. Lee, Enoch & Cen, Xuekai & Lo, Hong K., 2022. "Scheduling zonal-based flexible bus service under dynamic stochastic demand and Time-dependent travel time," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    5. Bowen Hou & Yang Cao & Dongye Lv & Shuzhi Zhao, 2020. "Transit-Based Evacuation for Urban Rail Transit Line Emergency," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-18, May.
    6. van Lieshout, R.N. & Bouman, P.C. & van den Akker, M. & Huisman, D., 2020. "A Self-Organizing Policy for Vehicle Dispatching in Public Transit Systems with Multiple Lines," Econometric Institute Research Papers EI2020-06, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Erasmus School of Economics (ESE), Econometric Institute.
    7. Zhang, Shuyang & Lo, Hong K., 2018. "Two-way-looking self-equalizing headway control for bus operations," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 280-301.
    8. Liang, Shidong & He, Shengxue & Zhang, Hu & Ma, Minghui, 2021. "Optimal holding time calculation algorithm to improve the reliability of high frequency bus route considering the bus capacity constraint," Reliability Engineering and System Safety, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
    9. Qiang, Shengjie & Huang, Qingxia, 2023. "Impacts of bus holding strategies on the performance of mixed traffic system," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 611(C).
    10. Paula Nguyen & Ehab Diab & Amer Shalaby, 2019. "Understanding the factors that influence the probability and time to streetcar bunching incidents," Public Transport, Springer, vol. 11(2), pages 299-320, August.
    11. Vismara, Luca & Chew, Lock Yue & Saw, Vee-Liem, 2021. "Optimal assignment of buses to bus stops in a loop by reinforcement learning," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 583(C).

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