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A comparative study of funnel shape bottlenecks in subway stations

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  • Sun, Lishan
  • Luo, Wei
  • Yao, Liya
  • Qiu, Shi
  • Rong, Jian

Abstract

A bottleneck typically denotes a narrowed area that reduces the flow through a channel. Congestion is expected to form at bottlenecks such as escalator and staircase entrances with high rate of passenger flow, which could decrease walking efficiency and passenger comfort. Currently, no special treatment is adopted in most of the conventional bottlenecks in subway stations. This study conducts a series of pedestrian experiments to investigate the effectiveness of adding a funnel shape buffer zone in front of the bottleneck entrance. Different angles of funnel bottleneck are experimented under different pedestrian volumes. By analyzing factors including walking speed, individual passing time, total passing time, and time gap, it is found that funnel shape would overall improve the traffic effectiveness of the bottlenecks, especially when the flow rate is high. The recommendation of setting funnel angle depends on passenger flow level, the optimal of which should be between 46° and 65°. This study provides a rationale for agencies to improve the current pedestrian traffic efficiency at bottlenecks.

Suggested Citation

  • Sun, Lishan & Luo, Wei & Yao, Liya & Qiu, Shi & Rong, Jian, 2017. "A comparative study of funnel shape bottlenecks in subway stations," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 14-27.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:98:y:2017:i:c:p:14-27
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2017.01.021
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Zhang, Hui & Xu, Jie & Jia, Limin & Shi, Yihan, 2022. "Modelling the walking behavior of pedestrians in the junction with chamfer zone of subway station," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 602(C).
    2. Li, Na & Guo, Ren-Yong, 2020. "Simulation of bi-directional pedestrian flow through a bottleneck: Cell transmission model," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 555(C).
    3. Liang, Mengdi & Xu, Jie & Jia, Limin & Qin, Yong, 2020. "An improved model of passenger merging in a Y-shaped passage," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 540(C).
    4. Zhonghua Wei & Sinan Chu & Zhengde Huang & Shi Qiu & Qixuan Zhao, 2020. "Optimization Design of X-ray Conveyer Belt Length for Subway Security Check Systems in Beijing, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-14, March.
    5. Shi, Yihan & Xu, Jie & Zhang, Hui & Jia, Limin & Qin, Yong, 2022. "Empirical investigation on turning behavior of passengers in subway station," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 606(C).
    6. Zhang, Hui & Xu, Jie & Jia, Limin & Shi, Yihan, 2021. "Research on walking efficiency of passengers around corner of subway station," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 573(C).
    7. Ren, Xiangxia & Zhang, Jun & Song, Weiguo & Cao, Shuchao, 2021. "Mechanisms of passing through short exits for the elderly and young adults," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 195-213.
    8. Shi, Yihan & Xu, Jie & Zhang, Hui & Jia, Limin & Qin, Yong, 2022. "Walking model on passenger in merging passage of subway station considering overtaking behavior," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 585(C).
    9. Meiying Jiang & Qibing Jin & Lisheng Cheng, 2019. "Effects of Ticket-Checking Failure on Dynamics of Pedestrians at Multi-Exit Inspection Points with Various Layouts," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-16, March.

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