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An empirical investigation into the time-use and activity patterns of dual-earner couples with and without young children

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  • Bernardo, Christina
  • Paleti, Rajesh
  • Hoklas, Megan
  • Bhat, Chandra

Abstract

This paper examines the time-use patterns of adults in dual-earner households with and without children as a function of several individual and household socio-demographics and employment characteristics. A disaggregate activity purpose classification including both in-home and out-of-home activity pursuits is used because of the travel demand relevance of out-of-home pursuits, as well as to examine both mobility-related and general time-use related social exclusion and time poverty issues. The study uses the Nested Multiple Discrete Continuous Extreme Value (MDCNEV) model, which recognizes that time-decisions entail the choice of participating in one or more activity purposes along with the amount of time to invest in each chosen activity purpose, and allows generic correlation structures to account for common unobserved factors that might impact the choice of multiple alternatives. The 2010 American Time Use Survey (ATUS) data is used for the empirical analysis. A major finding of the study is that the presence of a child in dual-earner households not only leads to a reduction in in-home non-work activity participation (excluding child care activities) but also a substantially larger decrease in out-of-home non-work activity participation (excluding child care and shopping activities), suggesting a higher level of mobility-related social exclusion relative to overall time-use social exclusion. To summarize, the results in the paper underscore the importance of considering household structure in activity-based travel demand models, as well as re-designing work policies in the United States to facilitate a reduction in work-family conflict in dual-earner families.

Suggested Citation

  • Bernardo, Christina & Paleti, Rajesh & Hoklas, Megan & Bhat, Chandra, 2015. "An empirical investigation into the time-use and activity patterns of dual-earner couples with and without young children," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 71-91.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transa:v:76:y:2015:i:c:p:71-91
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2014.12.006
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    3. Bhat, Chandra R., 2018. "A new flexible multiple discrete–continuous extreme value (MDCEV) choice model," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 261-279.
    4. Na Ta & Zhilin Liu & Yanwei Chai, 2019. "Help whom and help what? Intergenerational co-residence and the gender differences in time use among dual-earner households in Beijing, China," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 56(10), pages 2058-2074, August.
    5. Bhat, Chandra R. & Mondal, Aupal & Pinjari, Abdul Rawoof & Saxena, Shobhit & Pendyala, Ram M., 2022. "A multiple discrete continuous extreme value choice (MDCEV) model with a linear utility profile for the outside good recognizing positive consumption constraints," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 28-49.
    6. Dannemiller, Katherine A. & Mondal, Aupal & Asmussen, Katherine E. & Bhat, Chandra R., 2021. "Investigating autonomous vehicle impacts on individual activity-travel behavior," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 402-422.
    7. Saxena, Shobhit & Pinjari, Abdul Rawoof & Paleti, Rajesh, 2022. "A multiple discrete-continuous extreme value model with ordered preferences (MDCEV-OP): Modelling framework for episode-level activity participation and time-use analysis," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 259-283.
    8. Bhat, Chandra R. & Astroza, Sebastian & Bhat, Aarti C. & Nagel, Kai, 2016. "Incorporating a multiple discrete-continuous outcome in the generalized heterogeneous data model: Application to residential self-selection effects analysis in an activity time-use behavior model," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 52-76.
    9. Calastri, Chiara & Hess, Stephane & Daly, Andrew & Carrasco, Juan Antonio, 2017. "Does the social context help with understanding and predicting the choice of activity type and duration? An application of the Multiple Discrete-Continuous Nested Extreme Value model to activity diary," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 1-20.
    10. Jara-Díaz, Sergio & Candia, Diego, 2020. "A new look at the value of leisure in two-worker households," Economics of Transportation, Elsevier, vol. 24(C).
    11. Palma, David & Calastri, Chiara & Pawlak, Jacek, 2023. "The role of time budgets in models of multi-tasking while travelling: A comparison between the MDCEV and eMDC approach," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    12. Vo, Khoa D. & Lam, William H.K. & Chen, Anthony & Shao, Hu, 2020. "A household optimum utility approach for modeling joint activity-travel choices in congested road networks," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 93-125.
    13. Chakrabarti, Sandip & Joh, Kenneth, 2019. "The effect of parenthood on travel behavior: Evidence from the California Household Travel Survey," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 101-115.
    14. Hu, Yang & van Wee, Bert & Ettema, Dick, 2023. "Intra-household decisions and the impact of the built environment on activity-travel behavior: A review of the literature," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 106(C).
    15. Lingqian Hu, 2021. "Gender differences in commuting travel in the U.S.: interactive effects of race/ethnicity and household structure," Transportation, Springer, vol. 48(2), pages 909-929, April.
    16. Nursitihazlin Ahmad Termida & Yusak O. Susilo & Joel P. Franklin, 2016. "Examining the effects of out-of-home and in-home constraints on leisure activity participation in different seasons of the year," Transportation, Springer, vol. 43(6), pages 997-1021, November.
    17. Lu, Hui & Hess, Stephane & Daly, Andrew & Rohr, Charlene, 2017. "Measuring the impact of alcohol multi-buy promotions on consumers' purchase behaviour," Journal of choice modelling, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 75-95.
    18. Bilin Han & Jinhee Kim & Harry Timmermans, 2020. "Turn taking behavior in dual earner households with children: a focus on escorting routines," Transportation, Springer, vol. 47(1), pages 203-222, February.
    19. Pudāne, Baiba & van Cranenburgh, Sander & Chorus, Caspar G., 2021. "A day in the life with an automated vehicle: Empirical analysis of data from an interactive stated activity-travel survey," Journal of choice modelling, Elsevier, vol. 39(C).
    20. Lai, Xinjun & Lam, William H.K. & Su, Junbiao & Fu, Hui, 2019. "Modelling intra-household interactions in time-use and activity patterns of retired and dual-earner couples," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 172-194.
    21. Mondal, Aupal & Bhat, Chandra R., 2021. "A new closed form multiple discrete-continuous extreme value (MDCEV) choice model with multiple linear constraints," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 42-66.

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