IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/touman/v46y2015icp283-298.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Visitor attractions and events: Responding to seasonality

Author

Listed:
  • Connell, Joanne
  • Page, Stephen J.
  • Meyer, Denny

Abstract

Seasonality is a protracted problem for the tourism sector due to the uneven nature of demand and the relatively fixed nature of the supply of capacity and resources, particularly in the attraction sector. Managing the demand and supply at an individual business level poses many challenges for attraction infrastructure that is fixed in time and space and has a finite capacity. This paper explores how attraction managers develop and use special events as a tool to address issues of seasonality at a country level. The results show that: 70% of businesses remained open throughout the year, albeit with reduced opening hours to attract more visitors; 39% of attractions that stay open host special events; the local community is a key source market for special events; the periodicity of events and themes engage visitors most effectively. Business responses to seasonality are a more complex issue than conventional tourism research has recognised.

Suggested Citation

  • Connell, Joanne & Page, Stephen J. & Meyer, Denny, 2015. "Visitor attractions and events: Responding to seasonality," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 283-298.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:touman:v:46:y:2015:i:c:p:283-298
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tourman.2014.06.013
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261517714001150
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.tourman.2014.06.013?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cuccia, Tiziana & Rizzo, Ilde, 2011. "Tourism seasonality in cultural destinations: Empirical evidence from Sicily," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 589-595.
    2. Raphael Raymond Bar-On, 1999. "The Measurement of Seasonality and its Economic Impacts," Tourism Economics, , vol. 5(4), pages 437-458, December.
    3. Figini, Paolo & Vici, Laura, 2012. "Off-season tourists and the cultural offer of a mass-tourism destination: The case of Rimini," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 33(4), pages 825-839.
    4. Cellini, Roberto & Rizzo, Giuseppe, 2012. "Private and public incentive to reduce seasonality: A theoretical model," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 6, pages 1-33.
    5. Leask, Anna, 2010. "Progress in visitor attraction research: Towards more effective management," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 155-166.
    6. D. Jeffrey & R.R.D. Barden & P.J. Buckley & N.J. Hubbard, 2002. "What Makes for a Successful Hotel? Insights on Hotel Management Following 15 Years of Hotel Occupancy Analysis in England," The Service Industries Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(2), pages 73-88.
    7. Hung, Kam & Law, Rob, 2011. "An overview of Internet-based surveys in hospitality and tourism journals," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 32(4), pages 717-724.
    8. Konstantinos Andriotis, 2005. "Seasonality in Crete: Problem or a Way of Life?," Tourism Economics, , vol. 11(2), pages 207-224, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Getz, Donald & Page, Stephen J., 2016. "Progress and prospects for event tourism research," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 593-631.
    2. Dimitrios TSIOTAS & Thomas KRABOKOUKIS & Serafeim POLYZOS, 2020. "Detecting Interregional Patterns In Tourism Seasonality Of Greece: A Principal Components Analysis Approach," Regional Science Inquiry, Hellenic Association of Regional Scientists, vol. 0(2), pages 91-112, June.
    3. Antonio Ariza-Montes & Antonio Sianes & Vicente Fernández-Rodríguez & Carmen López-Martín & Mercedes Ruíz-Lozano & Pilar Tirado-Valencia, 2021. "Social Return on Investment (SROI) to Assess the Impacts of Tourism: A Case Study," SAGE Open, , vol. 11(1), pages 21582440209, February.
    4. Fernández-Morales, Antonio & Cisneros-Martínez, José David & McCabe, Scott, 2016. "Seasonal concentration of tourism demand: Decomposition analysis and marketing implications," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 172-190.
    5. Sara Dalir & Abror Mahamadaminov & Hossein GT Olya, 2021. "Airbnb and taxation: Developing a seasonal tax system," Tourism Economics, , vol. 27(2), pages 365-378, March.
    6. Paz Rico & Bernardí Cabrer-Borrás & Francisco Morillas-Jurado, 2021. "Seasonality in Tourism: Do Senior Programs Mitigate It?," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(16), pages 1-27, August.
    7. Zhou Bo & Yang Bi & Li Hengyun & Qu Hailin, 2017. "The spillover effect of attractions," Tourism Economics, , vol. 23(4), pages 731-743, June.
    8. Thomas Krabokoukis & Serafeim Polyzos, 2024. "Analyzing the Tourism Seasonality for the Mediterranean Countries," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 15(2), pages 8053-8076, June.
    9. Anna Serena Vergori, 2017. "Patterns of seasonality and tourism demand forecasting," Tourism Economics, , vol. 23(5), pages 1011-1027, August.
    10. Aline de Freitas & Fernanda Achete & Susana Beatriz Vinzón, 2020. "Characterization of the Coastal Environment as a Baseline for Alternative Tourism Segments Development in Salinópolis, Pará," World, MDPI, vol. 1(3), pages 1-12, November.
    11. Dimitrios Tsiotas & Thomas Krabokoukis & Serafeim Polyzos, 2021. "Detecting Tourism Typologies of Regional Destinations Based on Their Spatio-Temporal and Socioeconomic Performance: A Correlation-Based Complex Network Approach for the Case of Greece," Tourism and Hospitality, MDPI, vol. 2(1), pages 1-27, February.
    12. Todd, Louise & Leask, Anna & Ensor, John, 2017. "Understanding primary stakeholders' multiple roles in hallmark event tourism management," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 494-509.
    13. Connell, Joanne & Page, Stephen J. & Sheriff, Ian & Hibbert, Julia, 2017. "Business engagement in a civil society: Transitioning towards a dementia-friendly visitor economy," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 110-128.
    14. Yeongbae Choe & Hany Kim & Hyo-Jae Joun, 2019. "Differences in Tourist Behaviors across the Seasons: The Case of Northern Indiana," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(16), pages 1-16, August.
    15. Hasan Zakaria & Shinya Numata & Katsuya Hihara, 2021. "Expenditure Patterns of Foreign Resident Visitors and Foreign Tourist Visitors at a Day-Trip Nature-Based Destination," Tourism and Hospitality, MDPI, vol. 2(2), pages 1-11, June.
    16. Antonio Fern�ndez-Morales, 2017. "Tourism Mobility In Time And Seasonality In Tourism," RIEDS - Rivista Italiana di Economia, Demografia e Statistica - The Italian Journal of Economic, Demographic and Statistical Studies, SIEDS Societa' Italiana di Economia Demografia e Statistica, vol. 71(2), pages 21-30, April-Jun.
    17. Zhi Yue & Jon Bryan Burley & Zhouxiao Cui & Houping Lei & Jing Zhou, 2021. "Visitor Capacity Considering Social Distancing in Urban Parks with Agent-Based Modeling," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(13), pages 1-24, June.
    18. Duro Moreno, Juan Antonio & Turrión Prats, Judith, 2018. "Tourism seasonality worldwide," Working Papers 2072/351586, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Economics.
    19. Dehui Christina Geng & John L. Innes & Wanli Wu & Weiwei Wang & Guangyu Wang, 2021. "Seasonal Variation in Visitor Satisfaction and Its Management Implications in Banff National Park," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-17, February.
    20. Leanard Otwori Juma & Izabella Mária Bakos & Aniko Khademi-Vidra, 2020. "Nature Interpretation and Visitor Management Objectives: A Survey of Tourist Attitudes at Maasai Mara National Reserve, Kenya," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-24, September.
    21. Ki-Hong Choi & Insin Kim, 2021. "Co-Movement between Tourist Arrivals of Inbound Tourism Markets in South Korea: Applying the Dynamic Copula Method Using Secondary Time Series Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-13, January.
    22. Zoë Turner & James Kennell, 2018. "The Role of Sustainable Events in the Management of Historic Buildings," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-12, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Anna Serena Vergori & Serena Arima, 2022. "Transport modes and tourism seasonality in Italy: By air or by road?," Tourism Economics, , vol. 28(3), pages 583-598, May.
    2. Park, Sangwon & Yaduma, Natina & Lockwood, Andrew J. & Williams, Allan M., 2016. "Demand fluctuations, labour flexibility and productivity," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 93-112.
    3. Luigi Grossi & Mauro Mussini, 2019. "Seasonality in tourist flows: Decomposing and testing changes in seasonal concentration," Working Papers 16/2019, University of Verona, Department of Economics.
    4. Cuccia, Tiziana & Rizzo, Ilde, 2011. "Tourism seasonality in cultural destinations: Empirical evidence from Sicily," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 589-595.
    5. Massimiliano Castellani & Pierpaolo Pattitoni & Laura Vici, 2015. "Pricing Visitor Preferences for Temporary Art Exhibitions," Tourism Economics, , vol. 21(1), pages 83-103, February.
    6. Anna Serena Vergori, 2017. "Patterns of seasonality and tourism demand forecasting," Tourism Economics, , vol. 23(5), pages 1011-1027, August.
    7. Thomas KRABOKOUKIS & Dimitrios TSIOTAS & Serafeim POLYZOS, 2021. "Detecting Determinants In Tourist Seasonality Of Greece: A Binary Logistic Regression Approach," Theoretical and Empirical Researches in Urban Management, Research Centre in Public Administration and Public Services, Bucharest, Romania, vol. 16(1), pages 5-19, February.
    8. Koseoglu, Mehmet Ali & Rahimi, Roya & Okumus, Fevzi & Liu, Jingyan, 2016. "Bibliometric studies in tourism," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 180-198.
    9. Dimitrios Tsiotas & Thomas Krabokoukis & Serafeim Polyzos, 2021. "Detecting Tourism Typologies of Regional Destinations Based on Their Spatio-Temporal and Socioeconomic Performance: A Correlation-Based Complex Network Approach for the Case of Greece," Tourism and Hospitality, MDPI, vol. 2(1), pages 1-27, February.
    10. Dimitrios TSIOTAS & Thomas KRABOKOUKIS & Serafeim POLYZOS, 2020. "Detecting Interregional Patterns In Tourism Seasonality Of Greece: A Principal Components Analysis Approach," Regional Science Inquiry, Hellenic Association of Regional Scientists, vol. 0(2), pages 91-112, June.
    11. Ruggero Sainaghi, 2015. "Il controllo dei costi nelle imprese funiviarie," ECONOMIA E DIRITTO DEL TERZIARIO, FrancoAngeli Editore, vol. 2015(2), pages 315-338.
    12. Sara Dalir & Abror Mahamadaminov & Hossein GT Olya, 2021. "Airbnb and taxation: Developing a seasonal tax system," Tourism Economics, , vol. 27(2), pages 365-378, March.
    13. Batabyal, Amitrajeet A. & Beladi, Hamid, 2011. "An alternate approach to modeling the slack season provision of guided tours to tourists," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 32(5), pages 1047-1049.
    14. Turrión Prats, Judith & Duro Moreno, Juan Antonio, 2017. "The Seasonality of Demand in Spanish Tourist Municipalities: Analysis and Determinants," Working Papers 2072/306518, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Economics.
    15. Sainaghi, Ruggero & Baggio, Rodolfo, 2017. "Complexity traits and dynamics of tourism destinations," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 368-382.
    16. Cellini, Roberto & Rizzo, Giuseppe, 2012. "Private and public incentive to reduce seasonality: A theoretical model," Economics - The Open-Access, Open-Assessment E-Journal (2007-2020), Kiel Institute for the World Economy (IfW Kiel), vol. 6, pages 1-33.
    17. Batabyal, Amitrajeet A. & Yoo, Seung Jick, 2010. "A probabilistic analysis of guided tours for tourists during the slack season," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 31(4), pages 482-485.
    18. Turrión Prats, Judith, 2016. "Tourist Seasonality and the Role of Markets," Working Papers 2072/290755, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Economics.
    19. Duro Moreno, Juan Antonio & Turrión Prats, Judith, 2018. "Tourism seasonality worldwide," Working Papers 2072/351586, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Department of Economics.
    20. repec:ebl:ecbull:v:30:y:2010:i:1:p:577-586 is not listed on IDEAS
    21. Tiziana Cuccia, 2012. "Is it worth being inscribed in the world heritage list? A case study of �The Baroque cities in Val di Noto� (Sicily)," RIEDS - Rivista Italiana di Economia, Demografia e Statistica - The Italian Journal of Economic, Demographic and Statistical Studies, SIEDS Societa' Italiana di Economia Demografia e Statistica, vol. 66(2), pages 169-190.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:touman:v:46:y:2015:i:c:p:283-298. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/tourism-management .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.