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Bifurcations and hydra effects in Bazykin’s predator–prey model

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  • Adhikary, Prabir Das
  • Mukherjee, Saikat
  • Ghosh, Bapan

Abstract

We consider Bazykin’s model to address harvesting induced stability exchanges through bifurcation analysis. We examine the existence of hydra effects and analyze the stock pattern under predator harvesting. Prey harvesting cannot produce hydra effects in our model, whereas predator harvesting may cause multiple hydra effects. Our study reveals that type II response function and mutual interference among predators jointly induce multiple hydra effects and bistability. Bifurcations such as single Hopf-bifurcation, multiple Hopf-bifurcations and multiple saddle–node bifurcations appear for increasing harvesting rate on the predators. However, over-exploitation of the predators cannot generate any such bifurcation in our study. In simulations, the maximum sustainable yield (MSY) exists at a globally stable state. When predator is culled under increasing effort, basin of attraction of the equilibrium corresponding to the higher predator stock gets expanded, which alternatively is in favor of stock benefit for predators. The ecological theory developed in this study might be useful to understand conservation policy and fishery management.

Suggested Citation

  • Adhikary, Prabir Das & Mukherjee, Saikat & Ghosh, Bapan, 2021. "Bifurcations and hydra effects in Bazykin’s predator–prey model," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 44-53.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:thpobi:v:140:y:2021:i:c:p:44-53
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tpb.2021.05.002
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    1. Legović, Tarzan & Klanjšček, Jasminka & Geček, Sunčana, 2010. "Maximum sustainable yield and species extinction in ecosystems," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 221(12), pages 1569-1574.
    2. Iskin da S. Costa, Michel & dos Anjos, Lucas, 2018. "Multiple hydra effect in a predator–prey model with Allee effect and mutual interference in the predator," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 373(C), pages 22-24.
    3. Pfab, Ferdinand & Diekmann, Odo & Bhattacharya, Souvik & Pugliese, Andrea, 2017. "Multiple coexistence equilibria in a two parasitoid-one host model," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 34-46.
    4. Pimenov, Alexander & Kelly, Thomas C. & Korobeinikov, Andrei & O’Callaghan, Michael J.A. & Rachinskii, Dmitrii, 2015. "Adaptive behaviour and multiple equilibrium states in a predator–prey model," Theoretical Population Biology, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 24-30.
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    Cited by:

    1. Rajni, & Ghosh, Bapan, 2022. "Multistability, chaos and mean population density in a discrete-time predator–prey system," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).

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