Power systems and microgrids resilience enhancement strategies: A review

In recent years, power systems have been experiencing shutdowns triggered by high-impact, low-probability events resulting from climate change. These incidents have a negative impact on system infrastructure and lead to significant economic losses. Thus, the power community has accelerated research on mitigating these impacts on power systems. This paper presents an extensive review of recent literature on the evaluation, metrics, and enhancement of power system resilience. To improve power system resilience, this paper discusses hardening and operational strategies for various groups, addressing the main challenges. Hardening strategies focus on the physical hardiness of the power grid and aim to reduce the magnitude of high-impact, low-probability events, while operational strategies aim to minimize restoration time. Additionally, the paper examines microgrid strategies for enhancing power system resilience, classifying them based on local and global resilience and providing a detailed comparison of microgrids for global resilience-based restoration and microgrids for local resilience-based self-healing strategies. This paper presents the different objective functions, constraints, and optimization methods used in the modelling process. Moreover, the evaluation metrics to assess resilience are examined. The research shows that microgrid technology has a high potential to improve power system resiliency against major events.