IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v180y2023ics1364032123001557.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Peak shaving control in OWC wave energy converters: From concept to implementation in the Mutriku wave power plant

Author

Listed:
  • Carrelhas, A.A.D.
  • Gato, L.M.C.
  • Henriques, J.C.C.

Abstract

Control algorithms for wave energy conversion technologies with air turbines require contingency tools to prevent the rated power and maximum rotational speed from being exceeded. Survival problems limit energy conversion when the available power is too large compared to the turbo-generator-rated power. Short-term predictions require information from local wave-measuring buoys, which raises reliability concerns. Wave groups in the ocean result in extremely high wave power peaks that cannot be smoothed by low-inertia power-take-off (PTO) systems, leading to survival problems. The most common strategy to cope with this situation is to set the rated power of the PTO several times more than the annual average produced electrical power. The PTO is shut-down when the available power is excessive. These two engineering decisions have a detrimental impact on the capacity factor and the energy cost. The paper shows a new control algorithm for wave energy oscillating-water-column (OWC) devices that can control the shutter position of a fast-acting valve to dissipate the pneumatic energy excess. Hence, the PTO can operate even when the available power is significantly larger than the generator’s rated power. The algorithm was validated with the 30 kW biradial turbine prototype from the OPERA H2020 European project under real sea conditions at Mutriku’s wave power plant. Results show the algorithm’s effectiveness in real situations and during a generator failure simulated during the experimental campaign. This new concept may reduce the energy cost from wave energy and open a new field of design possibilities for OWC wave energy converters.

Suggested Citation

  • Carrelhas, A.A.D. & Gato, L.M.C. & Henriques, J.C.C., 2023. "Peak shaving control in OWC wave energy converters: From concept to implementation in the Mutriku wave power plant," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 180(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:180:y:2023:i:c:s1364032123001557
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2023.113299
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032123001557
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2023.113299?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gupta, Ankit & Davis, Matthew & Kumar, Amit, 2021. "An integrated assessment framework for the decarbonization of the electricity generation sector," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    2. Gomes, Rui P.F. & Gato, Luís M.C. & Henriques, João C.C. & Portillo, Juan C.C. & Howey, Ben D. & Collins, Keri M. & Hann, Martyn R. & Greaves, Deborah M., 2020. "Compact floating wave energy converters arrays: Mooring loads and survivability through scale physical modelling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 280(C).
    3. Alizadeh, M.I. & Parsa Moghaddam, M. & Amjady, N. & Siano, P. & Sheikh-El-Eslami, M.K., 2016. "Flexibility in future power systems with high renewable penetration: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 1186-1193.
    4. Puertas, R. & Marti, L., 2021. "International ranking of climate change action: An analysis using the indicators from the Climate Change Performance Index," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    5. Henriques, J.C.C. & Gato, L.M.C. & Lemos, J.M. & Gomes, R.P.F. & Falcão, A.F.O., 2016. "Peak-power control of a grid-integrated oscillating water column wave energy converter," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 378-390.
    6. Mujtaba, Aqib & Jena, Pabitra Kumar & Bekun, Festus Victor & Sahu, Pritish Kumar, 2022. "Symmetric and asymmetric impact of economic growth, capital formation, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption on environment in OECD countries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 160(C).
    7. Faÿ, François-Xavier & Robles, Eider & Marcos, Marga & Aldaiturriaga, Endika & Camacho, Eduardo F., 2020. "Sea trial results of a predictive algorithm at the Mutriku Wave power plant and controllers assessment based on a detailed plant model," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 1725-1745.
    8. Carrelhas, A.A.D. & Gato, L.M.C. & Henriques, J.C.C. & Falcão, A.F.O. & Varandas, J., 2019. "Test results of a 30 kW self-rectifying biradial air turbine-generator prototype," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 187-198.
    9. Portillo, J.C.C. & Reis, P.F. & Henriques, J.C.C. & Gato, L.M.C. & Falcão, A.F.O., 2019. "Backward bent-duct buoy or frontward bent-duct buoy? Review, assessment and optimisation," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 353-368.
    10. Gato, L.M.C. & Maduro, A.R. & Carrelhas, A.A.D. & Henriques, J.C.C. & Ferreira, D.N., 2021. "Performance improvement of the biradial self-rectifying impulse air-turbine for wave energy conversion by multi-row guide vanes: Design and experimental results," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    11. Ferreira, D.N. & Gato, L.M.C. & Eça, L. & Henriques, J.C.C., 2020. "Aerodynamic analysis of a biradial turbine with movable guide-vanes: Incidence and slip effects on efficiency," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C).
    12. Falcão, António F.O. & Gato, Luís M.C. & Henriques, João C.C. & Borges, João E. & Pereiras, Bruno & Castro, Francisco, 2015. "A novel twin-rotor radial-inflow air turbine for oscillating-water-column wave energy converters," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 2116-2125.
    13. Nolting, Lars & Praktiknjo, Aaron, 2020. "Can we phase-out all of them? Probabilistic assessments of security of electricity supply for the German case," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(C).
    14. Robertson, Bryson & Bekker, Jessica & Buckham, Bradley, 2020. "Renewable integration for remote communities: Comparative allowable cost analyses for hydro, solar and wave energy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 264(C).
    15. Bhattacharya, Saptarshi & Pennock, Shona & Robertson, Bryson & Hanif, Sarmad & Alam, Md Jan E. & Bhatnagar, Dhruv & Preziuso, Danielle & O’Neil, Rebecca, 2021. "Timing value of marine renewable energy resources for potential grid applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 299(C).
    16. Portillo, J.C.C. & Collins, K.M. & Gomes, R.P.F. & Henriques, J.C.C. & Gato, L.M.C. & Howey, B.D. & Hann, M.R. & Greaves, D.M. & Falcão, A.F.O., 2020. "Wave energy converter physical model design and testing: The case of floating oscillating-water-columns," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    17. Halder, Paresh & Samad, Abdus & Thévenin, Dominique, 2017. "Improved design of a Wells turbine for higher operating range," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 106(C), pages 122-134.
    18. Henriques, J.C.C. & Portillo, J.C.C. & Sheng, W. & Gato, L.M.C. & Falcão, A.F.O., 2019. "Dynamics and control of air turbines in oscillating-water-column wave energy converters: Analyses and case study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 571-589.
    19. Guerra, K. & Haro, P. & Gutiérrez, R.E. & Gómez-Barea, A., 2022. "Facing the high share of variable renewable energy in the power system: Flexibility and stability requirements," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 310(C).
    20. Schweizer, Joerg & Antonini, Alessandro & Govoni, Laura & Gottardi, Guido & Archetti, Renata & Supino, Enrico & Berretta, Claudia & Casadei, Carlo & Ozzi, Claudia, 2016. "Investigating the potential and feasibility of an offshore wind farm in the Northern Adriatic Sea," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 449-463.
    21. Correia da Fonseca, F.X. & Henriques, J.C.C. & Gato, L.M.C. & Falcão, A.F.O., 2019. "Oscillating flow rig for air turbine testing," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 373-382.
    22. Henriques, J.C.C. & Portillo, J.C.C. & Gato, L.M.C. & Gomes, R.P.F. & Ferreira, D.N. & Falcão, A.F.O., 2016. "Design of oscillating-water-column wave energy converters with an application to self-powered sensor buoys," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 852-867.
    23. Tedd, James & Peter Kofoed, Jens, 2009. "Measurements of overtopping flow time series on the Wave Dragon, wave energy converter," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 711-717.
    24. Wolsink, Maarten, 2020. "Distributed energy systems as common goods: Socio-political acceptance of renewables in intelligent microgrids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    25. Pereiras, Bruno & Castro, Francisco & Marjani, Abdelatif el & Rodríguez, Miguel A., 2011. "An improved radial impulse turbine for OWC," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 1477-1484.
    26. Liu, Junling & Yin, Mingjian & Xia-Hou, Qinrui & Wang, Ke & Zou, Ji, 2021. "Comparison of sectoral low-carbon transition pathways in China under the nationally determined contribution and 2 °C targets," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    27. Morais, F.J.F. & Carrelhas, A.A.D. & Gato, L.M.C., 2023. "Biplane-rotor Wells turbine: The influence of solidity, presence of guide vanes and comparison with other configurations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Carrelhas, A.A.D. & Gato, L.M.C. & Morais, F.J.F., 2024. "Aerodynamic performance and noise emission of different geometries of Wells turbines under design and off-design conditions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    2. Portillo, J.C.C. & Henriques, J.C.C. & Gato, L.M.C. & Falcão, A.F.O., 2023. "Model tests on a floating coaxial-duct OWC wave energy converter with focus on the spring-like air compressibility effect," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PA).
    3. Gato, L.M.C. & Maduro, A.R. & Carrelhas, A.A.D. & Henriques, J.C.C. & Ferreira, D.N., 2021. "Performance improvement of the biradial self-rectifying impulse air-turbine for wave energy conversion by multi-row guide vanes: Design and experimental results," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    4. Carrelhas, A.A.D. & Gato, L.M.C. & Falcão, A.F.O. & Henriques, J.C.C., 2021. "Control law design for the air-turbine-generator set of a fully submerged 1.5 MW mWave prototype. Part 2: Experimental validation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 1002-1013.
    5. Portillo, J.C.C. & Gato, L.M.C. & Henriques, J.C.C. & Falcão, A.F.O., 2023. "Implications of spring-like air compressibility effects in floating coaxial-duct OWCs: Experimental and numerical investigation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 478-491.
    6. Oikonomou, Charikleia L.G. & Gomes, Rui P.F. & Gato, Luís M.C., 2021. "Unveiling the potential of using a spar-buoy oscillating-water-column wave energy converter for low-power stand-alone applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    7. Carrelhas, A.A.D. & Gato, L.M.C. & Falcão, A.F.O. & Henriques, J.C.C., 2022. "Control law design for the air-turbine-generator set of a fully submerged 1.5 MW mWave prototype. Part 1: Numerical modelling," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 1402-1418.
    8. Ferreira, D.N. & Gato, L.M.C. & Eça, L., 2023. "Efficiency of biradial impulse turbines concerning rotor blade angle, guide-vane deflection and blockage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 266(C).
    9. Henriques, J.C.C. & Gato, L.M.C. & La Sala, V. & Carrelhas, A.A.D., 2023. "Acoustic noise emission of air turbines for wave energy conversion: Assessment and analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 897-907.
    10. Scialò, A. & Henriques, J.C.C. & Malara, G. & Falcão, A.F.O. & Gato, L.M.C. & Arena, F., 2021. "Power take-off selection for a fixed U-OWC wave power plant in the Mediterranean Sea: The case of Roccella Jonica," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(PA).
    11. Morais, F.J.F. & Carrelhas, A.A.D. & Gato, L.M.C., 2023. "Biplane-rotor Wells turbine: The influence of solidity, presence of guide vanes and comparison with other configurations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    12. Liu, Zhen & Cui, Ying & Li, Ming & Shi, Hongda, 2017. "Steady state performance of an axial impulse turbine for oscillating water column wave energy converters," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 1-10.
    13. Zhang, Jincheng & Zhao, Xiaowei & Jin, Siya & Greaves, Deborah, 2022. "Phase-resolved real-time ocean wave prediction with quantified uncertainty based on variational Bayesian machine learning," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).
    14. Zhang, Jincheng & Zhao, Xiaowei & Greaves, Deborah & Jin, Siya, 2023. "Modeling of a hinged-raft wave energy converter via deep operator learning and wave tank experiments," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 341(C).
    15. Giannini, Gianmaria & Rosa-Santos, Paulo & Ramos, Victor & Taveira-Pinto, Francisco, 2022. "Wave energy converters design combining hydrodynamic performance and structural assessment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    16. Tomás Cabral & Daniel Clemente & Paulo Rosa-Santos & Francisco Taveira-Pinto & Tiago Morais & Filipe Belga & Henrique Cestaro, 2020. "Performance Assessment of a Hybrid Wave Energy Converter Integrated into a Harbor Breakwater," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-22, January.
    17. Ansarifard, Nazanin & Kianejad, S.S. & Fleming, Alan & Henderson, Alan & Chai, Shuhong, 2020. "Design optimization of a purely radial turbine for operation in the inhalation mode of an oscillating water column," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 540-556.
    18. Akdemir, Kerem Ziya & Robertson, Bryson & Oikonomou, Konstantinos & Kern, Jordan & Voisin, Nathalie & Hanif, Sarmad & Bhattacharya, Saptarshi, 2023. "Opportunities for wave energy in bulk power system operations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 352(C).
    19. Correia da Fonseca, F.X. & Henriques, J.C.C. & Gato, L.M.C. & Falcão, A.F.O., 2019. "Oscillating flow rig for air turbine testing," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 373-382.
    20. Rosati, Marco & Ringwood, John V., 2023. "Control co-design of power take-off and bypass valve for OWC-based wave energy conversion systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(P2).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:180:y:2023:i:c:s1364032123001557. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.