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Energy and economic assessments of bio-energy systems based on annual and perennial crops for temperate and tropical areas

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  • Fazio, Simone
  • Barbanti, Lorenzo

Abstract

Bio-energy systems based on dedicated crops depend on efficient and economic feedstock production as a pre-requisite for sustainable development. In this study, 15 annual and perennial species suited for temperate or tropical areas were assessed in terms of energy and financial balance: oil and coconut palm, jatropha, castor bean, sunflower and rapeseed (biodiesel); sugar cane, maize and wheat (1st generation ethanol); poplar, cardoon, giant reed, miscanthus, switchgrass and fibre sorghum (heat and power, or 2nd generation ethanol). Net energy and energy efficiency as respective difference and ratio between produced and consumed energy, and net profit (revenues minus costs) were appraised under temperate or tropical conditions, depending on crop species. In addition, a sensitivity analysis was run to rate the use of oil and grain crop residues as additional energy sources. Net energy, energy efficiency and net profit exhibited a wide range ranged between 22 and 340 GJ ha−1, 2.2 and 21.1 GJ GJ−1, 38 and 415 € ha−1, respectively. Energy sector (biodiesel < 1st generation ethanol < biomass crops) and plant habit (annual < perennial species) were the two main drivers of these large differences. The complementary use of crop residues enhanced net energy (+202%) and energy efficiency (+71%), whereas net profit decreased, as average (−24%), because of higher costs (residue recovery and additional fertilizer doses) than financial returns. It is concluded that accurate evaluation of energy and economic trade-off should be the driver of crop choice and management in energy initiatives involving dedicated crop cultivation.

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  • Fazio, Simone & Barbanti, Lorenzo, 2014. "Energy and economic assessments of bio-energy systems based on annual and perennial crops for temperate and tropical areas," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 233-241.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:69:y:2014:i:c:p:233-241
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2014.03.045
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    3. Guragain, Yadhu N. & Wang, Donghai & Vadlani, Praveen V., 2016. "Appropriate biorefining strategies for multiple feedstocks: Critical evaluation for pretreatment methods, and hydrolysis with high solids loading," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(PA), pages 832-842.
    4. Xun Zhang & Jingying Fu & Gang Lin & Dong Jiang & Xiaoxi Yan, 2017. "Switchgrass-Based Bioethanol Productivity and Potential Environmental Impact from Marginal Lands in China," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(2), pages 1-15, February.
    5. Testa, Riccardo & Foderà, Mario & Di Trapani, Anna Maria & Tudisca, Salvatore & Sgroi, Filippo, 2016. "Giant reed as energy crop for Southern Italy: An economic feasibility study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 558-564.
    6. Seber, Gonca & Escobar, Neus & Valin, Hugo & Malina, Robert, 2022. "Uncertainty in life cycle greenhouse gas emissions of sustainable aviation fuels from vegetable oils," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 170(C).
    7. Calliope Panoutsou & David Chiaramonti, 2020. "Socio-Economic Opportunities from Miscanthus Cultivation in Marginal Land for Bioenergy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-22, May.
    8. Attila Jámbor & Áron Török, 2019. "The Economics of Arundo donax —A Systematic Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-22, August.
    9. Ewelina Olba-Zięty & Mariusz Jerzy Stolarski & Michał Krzyżaniak, 2021. "Economic Evaluation of the Production of Perennial Crops for Energy Purposes—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-16, November.

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