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Shading and bypass diode impacts to energy extraction of PV arrays under different converter configurations

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  • Zheng, Huiying
  • Li, Shuhui
  • Challoo, Rajab
  • Proano, Julio

Abstract

A solar photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion system requires power converters for maximum power extraction and grid integration. At present, typical converter configurations used in a solar PV system include central, string and micro-converter based PV systems. In order to develop efficient and reliable photovoltaic energy conversion technologies, this paper compares the energy extraction characteristics of a PV system for different converter schemes. The paper particularly focuses on how energy extraction characteristics of a PV array are affected by uneven shading and how different bypass diode arrangements improve and affect PV system energy extraction characteristics under different converter configurations. A detailed comparison study is conducted for central, string and micro-converter based PV systems. It is found that compared to micro-converter based PV systems, the central converter PV systems with large-scale distributed bypass diode connections could be an economic solution to enhance PV system efficiency, reliability and performance, in particular for utility-scale PV generators.

Suggested Citation

  • Zheng, Huiying & Li, Shuhui & Challoo, Rajab & Proano, Julio, 2014. "Shading and bypass diode impacts to energy extraction of PV arrays under different converter configurations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 58-66.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:68:y:2014:i:c:p:58-66
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2014.01.025
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Li, Shuhui & Haskew, Timothy A. & Li, Dawen & Hu, Fei, 2011. "Integrating photovoltaic and power converter characteristics for energy extraction study of solar PV systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(12), pages 3238-3245.
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    1. Yilmaz, Saban & Dincer, Furkan, 2017. "Impact of inverter capacity on the performance in large-scale photovoltaic power plants – A case study for Gainesville, Florida," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 15-23.
    2. Belhaouas, N. & Cheikh, M.-S. Ait & Agathoklis, P. & Oularbi, M.-R. & Amrouche, B. & Sedraoui, K. & Djilali, N., 2017. "PV array power output maximization under partial shading using new shifted PV array arrangements," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 326-337.
    3. Fathabadi, Hassan, 2015. "Lambert W function-based technique for tracking the maximum power point of PV modules connected in various configurations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 214-226.
    4. Ramli, Makbul A.M. & Twaha, Ssennoga & Ishaque, Kashif & Al-Turki, Yusuf A., 2017. "A review on maximum power point tracking for photovoltaic systems with and without shading conditions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 144-159.
    5. Zhongfu Zhou & John Macaulay, 2017. "An Emulated PV Source Based on an Unilluminated Solar Panel and DC Power Supply," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-20, December.
    6. Huixue Ren & Peide Han, 2021. "Necessity Analysis of Bypass Diode for AC Module under Partial Shading Condition," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-12, August.
    7. Mostafa Ahmed & Ibrahim Harbi & Ralph Kennel & José Rodríguez & Mohamed Abdelrahem, 2022. "Evaluation of the Main Control Strategies for Grid-Connected PV Systems," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-20, September.
    8. Chepp, Ellen David & Gasparin, Fabiano Perin & Krenzinger, Arno, 2022. "Improvements in methods for analysis of partially shaded PV modules," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 900-910.
    9. Teo, J.C. & Tan, Rodney H.G. & Mok, V.H. & Ramachandaramurthy, Vigna K. & Tan, ChiaKwang, 2020. "Impact of bypass diode forward voltage on maximum power of a photovoltaic system under partial shading conditions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    10. Armin Razmjoo & Arezoo Ghazanfari & Poul Alberg Østergaard & Sepideh Abedi, 2023. "Design and Analysis of Grid-Connected Solar Photovoltaic Systems for Sustainable Development of Remote Areas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(7), pages 1-21, March.
    11. Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian & Gokul Sidarth Thirunavukkarasu & Elmira Jamei & Tey Kok Soon & Ben Horan & Saad Mekhilef & Alex Stojcevski, 2020. "A Sustainable Distributed Building Integrated Photo-Voltaic System Architecture with a Single Radial Movement Optimization Based MPPT Controller," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-21, August.
    12. Yadav, Anurag Singh & Mukherjee, V., 2021. "Conventional and advanced PV array configurations to extract maximum power under partial shading conditions: A review," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 178(C), pages 977-1005.
    13. Tabanjat, Abdulkader & Becherif, Mohamed & Hissel, Daniel, 2015. "Reconfiguration solution for shaded PV panels using switching control," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 4-13.
    14. Ahmad, R. & Murtaza, Ali F. & Ahmed Sher, Hadeed & Tabrez Shami, Umar & Olalekan, Saheed, 2017. "An analytical approach to study partial shading effects on PV array supported by literature," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 721-732.
    15. Romênia G. Vieira & Fábio M. U. de Araújo & Mahmoud Dhimish & Maria I. S. Guerra, 2020. "A Comprehensive Review on Bypass Diode Application on Photovoltaic Modules," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-21, May.
    16. Amir, Asim & Amir, Aamir & Che, Hang Seng & Elkhateb, Ahmad & Rahim, Nasrudin Abd, 2019. "Comparative analysis of high voltage gain DC-DC converter topologies for photovoltaic systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 1147-1163.

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