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Design of a photovoltaic–wind charging station for small electric Tuk–tuk in D.R.Congo

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  • Vermaak, Herman Jacobus
  • Kusakana, Kanzumba

Abstract

Renewable energy charging stations can play a key role in the successful development and deployment of electric vehicles in the areas not connected to the electrical grid. This paper discusses the possibilities of using electric Tuk–tuk battery charging station in the rural areas of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC); the basic specifications of the proposed vehicle propulsion system are taken into account. The proposed charging station is powered by renewable energy source such as wind or photovoltaic (PV) used as stand alone or in hybrid configuration with battery storage system to avoid the use of diesel generators or additional stresses on the very weak electrical grid, where it is available. Different feasible configurations of the charging station using renewable energies are simulated using HOMER software and the results compared to the corresponding diesel generator while responding to the battery charging energy requirements of the Tuk–tuk. Two different strategies for operating the charging station are simulated and the results are analyzed and discussed in order to select the best configuration. The decision criteria used for these comparisons include the equipment setup, energy production, financial viability for a project lifetime of 20 years.

Suggested Citation

  • Vermaak, Herman Jacobus & Kusakana, Kanzumba, 2014. "Design of a photovoltaic–wind charging station for small electric Tuk–tuk in D.R.Congo," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 40-45.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:67:y:2014:i:c:p:40-45
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2013.11.019
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kusakana, Kanzumba & Vermaak, Herman Jacobus, 2013. "Hydrokinetic power generation for rural electricity supply: Case of South Africa," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 467-473.
    2. Hu, Yu & Solana, Pablo, 2013. "Optimization of a hybrid diesel-wind generation plant with operational options," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 364-372.
    3. Kusakana, Kanzumba & Vermaak, Herman Jacobus, 2013. "Hybrid renewable power systems for mobile telephony base stations in developing countries," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 419-425.
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    4. Rezk, Hegazy & Dousoky, Gamal M., 2016. "Technical and economic analysis of different configurations of stand-alone hybrid renewable power systems – A case study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 941-953.
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    6. Dong, Xiao-Jian & Shen, Jia-Ni & Liu, Cheng-Wu & Ma, Zi-Feng & He, Yi-Jun, 2024. "Simultaneous capacity configuration and scheduling optimization of an integrated electrical vehicle charging station with photovoltaic and battery energy storage system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    7. Bastida-Molina, Paula & Hurtado-Pérez, Elías & Moros Gómez, María Cristina & Vargas-Salgado, Carlos, 2021. "Multicriteria power generation planning and experimental verification of hybrid renewable energy systems for fast electric vehicle charging stations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 737-755.
    8. Mandelli, Stefano & Barbieri, Jacopo & Mereu, Riccardo & Colombo, Emanuela, 2016. "Off-grid systems for rural electrification in developing countries: Definitions, classification and a comprehensive literature review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 1621-1646.
    9. Gheorghe Badea & Raluca-Andreea Felseghi & Mihai Varlam & Constantin Filote & Mihai Culcer & Mariana Iliescu & Maria Simona Răboacă, 2018. "Design and Simulation of Romanian Solar Energy Charging Station for Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-16, December.
    10. Calise, Francesco & Cappiello, Francesco Liberato & Cartenì, Armando & Dentice d’Accadia, Massimo & Vicidomini, Maria, 2019. "A novel paradigm for a sustainable mobility based on electric vehicles, photovoltaic panels and electric energy storage systems: Case studies for Naples and Salerno (Italy)," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 97-114.
    11. Phiraphat Antarasee & Suttichai Premrudeepreechacharn & Apirat Siritaratiwat & Sirote Khunkitti, 2022. "Optimal Design of Electric Vehicle Fast-Charging Station’s Structure Using Metaheuristic Algorithms," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-22, December.
    12. Eltoumi, Fouad M. & Becherif, Mohamed & Djerdir, Abdesslem & Ramadan, Haitham.S., 2021. "The key issues of electric vehicle charging via hybrid power sources: Techno-economic viability, analysis, and recommendations," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    13. Rezk, Hegazy & Sayed, Enas Taha & Al-Dhaifallah, Mujahed & Obaid, M. & El-Sayed, Abou Hashema M. & Abdelkareem, Mohammad Ali & Olabi, A.G., 2019. "Fuel cell as an effective energy storage in reverse osmosis desalination plant powered by photovoltaic system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 175(C), pages 423-433.
    14. Bin Ye & Jingjing Jiang & Lixin Miao & Peng Yang & Ji Li & Bo Shen, 2015. "Feasibility Study of a Solar-Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Station Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 8(11), pages 1-19, November.
    15. Demirci, Alpaslan & Öztürk, Zafer & Tercan, Said Mirza, 2023. "Decision-making between hybrid renewable energy configurations and grid extension in rural areas for different climate zones," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PA).
    16. Al Wahedi, Abdulla & Bicer, Yusuf, 2022. "Techno-economic optimization of novel stand-alone renewables-based electric vehicle charging stations in Qatar," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 243(C).

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