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Analytical and experimental investigations of nanoparticles embedded phase change materials for cooling application in modern buildings

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  • Kalaiselvam, S.
  • Parameshwaran, R.
  • Harikrishnan, S.

Abstract

This paper presents the analytical and experimental investigations of the phase change heat transfer characteristics and thermodynamic behavior of spherically enclosed phase change material (PCM) with dispersion of nanoparticles for latent thermal energy storage (LTES) system in buildings. In this study, the heat transfer characteristics in terms of the transient temperature variations, moving interface positions, complete rate of solidification and melting were analyzed for the six different PCMs considered in pure form and with dispersed nanoparticles as well. The heat transfer characteristics of the PCMs considered were analytically modeled and experimentally evaluated for the steady state and transient conditions for various heat generation parameters during freezing and melting cycles of the LTES system. The experimental results infer that for the same thermal load conditions the rate of solidification for the PCMs decreased with the increased mass fractions of nanoparticles while compared to the pure PCMs. For the same operating conditions of the LTES system, similar heat transfer characteristics were observed for the six PCMs considered. In this paper, the analytical model solutions and experimental results for the 60% n-tetradecane: 40% n-hexadecane PCM are presented. The solidification time for the 60% n-tetradecane: 40% n-hexadecane PCM embedded with the aluminium and alumina nanoparticles were expected to reduce by 12.97% and 4.97% than at its pure form respectively. Besides, the test results indicate that by increasing the mass fraction of the nanoparticles beyond the limiting value of 0.07 the rate of solidification was not significant further. Furthermore, the rate of melting was improved significantly for the PCMs embedded with the dispersed nanoparticles than the pure PCMs. The analytical solutions obtained for the pure and dispersed nanoparticles based PCMs were validated using the experimental results. The deviations observed between the analytical solutions and the experimental results were in the range of 10%–13%. Based on the analytical and experimental results the present nanoencapsulated LTES system can be regarded as a potential substitute for the conventional LTES system in buildings for achieving enhanced heat transfer characteristics and energy efficiency.

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  • Kalaiselvam, S. & Parameshwaran, R. & Harikrishnan, S., 2012. "Analytical and experimental investigations of nanoparticles embedded phase change materials for cooling application in modern buildings," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 39(1), pages 375-387.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:39:y:2012:i:1:p:375-387
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2011.08.034
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    7. Wong-Pinto, Liey-Si & Milian, Yanio & Ushak, Svetlana, 2020. "Progress on use of nanoparticles in salt hydrates as phase change materials," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    8. Parameshwaran, R. & Kalaiselvam, S. & Harikrishnan, S. & Elayaperumal, A., 2012. "Sustainable thermal energy storage technologies for buildings: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(5), pages 2394-2433.
    9. Zhu, Yanlong & Lu, Jie & Yuan, Yuan & Wang, Fuqiang & Tan, Heping, 2020. "Effect of radiation on the effective thermal conductivity of encapsulated capsules containing high-temperature phase change materials," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 676-685.
    10. Hossein Javadi & Javier F. Urchueguia & Seyed Soheil Mousavi Ajarostaghi & Borja Badenes, 2020. "Numerical Study on the Thermal Performance of a Single U-Tube Borehole Heat Exchanger Using Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Materials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-30, October.
    11. Pacheco-Torgal, F., 2017. "High tech startup creation for energy efficient built environment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 618-629.
    12. Dsilva Winfred Rufuss, D. & Iniyan, S. & Suganthi, L. & Davies, P.A., 2016. "Solar stills: A comprehensive review of designs, performance and material advances," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 464-496.
    13. Peng, Benli & Huang, Guanghan & Wang, Pengtao & Li, Wenming & Chang, Wei & Ma, Jiaxuan & Li, Chen, 2019. "Effects of thermal conductivity and density on phase change materials-based thermal energy storage systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 580-591.
    14. Zheng, Zhang-Jing & Yang, Chao & Xu, Yang & Cai, Xiao, 2021. "Effect of metal foam with two-dimensional porosity gradient on melting behavior in a rectangular cavity," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 172(C), pages 802-815.
    15. Ma, Zhenjun & Lin, Wenye & Sohel, M. Imroz, 2016. "Nano-enhanced phase change materials for improved building performance," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 1256-1268.
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