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Optimization of visible transmission and NIR reflection in multilayer via PSO: Simulation and experimental validation

Author

Listed:
  • Zhang, Kaihua
  • Chen, Zhiying
  • Guo, Jinyang
  • Gao, Shuai
  • Yu, Kun
  • Zhang, Xiansheng
  • Liu, Yufang
  • Wu, Xiaohu

Abstract

Transparent heat reflective windows (THRW) effectively manage solar energy by reflecting near-infrared (NIR) heat while maintaining high visible (VIS) light transmittance, thus improving building energy efficiency. Conventional THRW designs using dielectric/metal/dielectric (D/M/D) structures often increase metal thickness for better NIR reflectance, which compromises VIS transmittance. In this work, we present a dielectric/metal/dielectric/metal/dielectric (D/M/D/M/D) multilayer structure, utilizing TiO2 as the dielectric and Ag as the metallic component. The film thicknesses were systematically optimized using the particle swarm optimization algorithm to achieve an optimal balance between high VIS transmittance ((T‾VIS = 87 %) and high NIR reflectance (R‾NIR = 95 %). Additionally, the structure shows only 15 % UV transmittance due to absorption by TiO2 and reflection by Ag. The multilayer films are fabricated using electron beam evaporator, with the experimental results show that the multilayers maintain good VIS transmittance as well as high NIR reflectance. This high-performance THRW design demonstrates significant potential for energy-saving applications in hot climates, offering a viable solution for enhancing building energy efficiency and occupant comfort in the future.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhang, Kaihua & Chen, Zhiying & Guo, Jinyang & Gao, Shuai & Yu, Kun & Zhang, Xiansheng & Liu, Yufang & Wu, Xiaohu, 2024. "Optimization of visible transmission and NIR reflection in multilayer via PSO: Simulation and experimental validation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(PD).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:237:y:2024:i:pd:s0960148124019815
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2024.121913
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