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Performance enhancement of an integrated collector storage hot water system

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  • Kalogirou, Soteris A.

Abstract

Integrated collector storage (ICS) systems offer a solution to reduce the height of the conventional flat-plate thermosiphon type collectors. The initial system developed had an aperture area of 1.77 m2, a receiver diameter of 200 mm, a concentration ratio of 1.47 and total water storage volume of 65 litres. The main disadvantage of the ICS systems comes from their design, i.e., because the collector absorber is also the storage cylinder it is not possible to insulate it properly and therefore there are significant losses during the night. The main cause of these losses is the convection currents created during the night, circulating around the top glass cover. Another disadvantage of the system is its draw-off characteristics. Because the water cylinder/absorber is horizontal there is very little stratification of the water in the cylinder. It is suggested that a primary 110 mm diameter cylinder is introduced at the space between the main cylinder and the glass. The cold water is introduced directly to the primary cylinder, which feeds the main cylinder. With this modification the convection currents are drastically reduced due to the obstruction created by the primary vessel, thus reducing the night thermal losses. Also as the cold water is introduced first to the primary cylinder there is no direct mixing of the two streams thus greatly improving the system draw-off characteristics. This modification creates an 8% increase in the total cost of the system, which is reasonable, if the above benefits are considered

Suggested Citation

  • Kalogirou, Soteris A., 1999. "Performance enhancement of an integrated collector storage hot water system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 16(1), pages 652-655.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:16:y:1999:i:1:p:652-655
    DOI: 10.1016/S0960-1481(98)00245-6
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kalogirou, Soteris, 1997. "Design, construction, performance evaluation and economic analysis of an integrated collector storage system," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 12(2), pages 179-192.
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    Cited by:

    1. Carboni, Christian & Montanari, Roberto, 2008. "Solar thermal systems: Advantages in domestic integration," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(6), pages 1364-1373.
    2. Devanarayanan, K. & Kalidasa Murugavel, K., 2014. "Integrated collector storage solar water heater with compound parabolic concentrator – development and progress," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 51-64.
    3. Souliotis, M. & Kalogirou, S. & Tripanagnostopoulos, Y., 2009. "Modelling of an ICS solar water heater using artificial neural networks and TRNSYS," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 1333-1339.
    4. Smyth, M. & Eames, P.C. & Norton, B., 2006. "Integrated collector storage solar water heaters," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 10(6), pages 503-538, December.
    5. Singh, Ramkishore & Lazarus, Ian J. & Souliotis, Manolis, 2016. "Recent developments in integrated collector storage (ICS) solar water heaters: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 270-298.
    6. Barone, G. & Buonomano, A. & Palmieri, V. & Palombo, A., 2022. "A prototypal high-vacuum integrated collector storage solar water heater: Experimentation, design, and optimization through a new in-house 3D dynamic simulation model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 238(PC).
    7. Li, Danny H.W. & Yang, Liu & Lam, Joseph C., 2013. "Zero energy buildings and sustainable development implications – A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1-10.
    8. Tripanagnostopoulos, Y. & Souliotis, M., 2006. "ICS solar systems with two water tanks," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(11), pages 1698-1717.
    9. Kessentini, Hamdi & Bouden, Chiheb, 2013. "Numerical and experimental study of an integrated solar collector with CPC reflectors," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 577-586.
    10. Souliotis, M. & Tripanagnostopoulos, Y., 2008. "Study of the distribution of the absorbed solar radiation on the performance of a CPC-type ICS water heater," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(5), pages 846-858.
    11. Garnier, Celine & Muneer, Tariq & Currie, John, 2018. "Numerical and empirical evaluation of a novel building integrated collector storage solar water heater," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 281-295.

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