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Ground testing of a 1% gravo-aeroelastically scaled additively-manufactured wind turbine blade with bio-inspired structural design

Author

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  • Kaminski, Meghan
  • Loth, Eric
  • Griffith, D. Todd
  • Qin, Chao (Chris)

Abstract

A gravo-aeroelastic scaling (GAS) method is developed to design wind turbine blades that represent centrifugal, aerodynamic, and gravitational loads of extreme-scale turbines. To match these elements, certain blade characteristics are given priority: non-dimensional 1st flap-wise frequency, non-dimensional flapping tip deflection, and tip-speed-ratio. Using the GAS method, a 1% sub-scale blade was designed to match the mass distributions and ground tested to match the non-dimensional flap-wise dynamics and deflections of Sandia National Lab’s 13.2-MW blade. To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first manufactured blade model to employ gravo-aeroelastic scaling using additive manufacturing and bio-inspiration. A series of scale models were designed, built, and ground-tested using weights consistent with scaled steady rated load conditions of an extreme-scale turbine. The models designed were evolved to increase gravo-elastic scaling performance by employing lightweight bio-inspirational morphology and carbon fiber reinforcements. The final version has non-dimensional gravo-elastic errors as follows: 3% in total mass, 15.6% in deflection from ground-based loads representing full-scale steady rated conditions, and 8.1% in the first flap-wise modal frequency (when normalized by the scaled rpm for rated conditions). This model demonstrates the GAS concept can be applied to manufacture sub-scale models as small as 1% of an extreme-scale rotor blade.

Suggested Citation

  • Kaminski, Meghan & Loth, Eric & Griffith, D. Todd & Qin, Chao (Chris), 2020. "Ground testing of a 1% gravo-aeroelastically scaled additively-manufactured wind turbine blade with bio-inspired structural design," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 639-650.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:148:y:2020:i:c:p:639-650
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.10.152
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yossri, W. & Ben Ayed, S. & Abdelkefi, A., 2023. "Evaluation of the efficiency of bioinspired blade designs for low-speed small-scale wind turbines with the presence of inflow turbulence effects," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    2. Singh, Dileep & Yu, Wenhua & France, David M. & Allred, Taylor P. & Liu, I-Han & Du, Wenchao & Barua, Bipul & Messner, Mark C., 2020. "One piece ceramic heat exchanger for concentrating solar power electric plants," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 160(C), pages 1308-1315.
    3. Kaminski, Meghan & Simpson, Juliet & Loth, Eric & Fingersh, Lee Jay & Scholbrock, Andy & Johnson, Nick & Johnson, Kathryn & Pao, Lucy & Griffith, Todd, 2023. "Gravo-aeroelastically-scaled demonstrator field tests to represent blade response of a flexible extreme-scale downwind turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    4. Yao, Shulong & Griffith, D. Todd & Chetan, Mayank & Bay, Christopher J. & Damiani, Rick & Kaminski, Meghan & Loth, Eric, 2020. "A gravo-aeroelastically scaled wind turbine rotor at field-prototype scale with strict structural requirements," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 535-547.

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