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Performance evaluation of a diesel engine using blends of optimized yields of sand apple (Parinari polyandra) oil biodiesel

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  • Ogunkunle, Oyetola
  • Ahmed, Noor A.

Abstract

Sand apple oil seed that has relatively high oil yield is widely cultivated in Africa. Evaluation of the performance of sand apple ethyl ester is a missing link in establishing it as an alternative fuel for use in diesel engines. Performance evaluation of optimized yields of sand apple biodiesel was, therefore, conducted in a diesel engine at various loading rates. Oil was extracted from sand apple seeds via solvent extraction. A Central Composite Design was used to optimize biodiesel yields from sand apple oil transesterification using potassium hydroxide as catalyst. Engine tests were carried out to evaluate the performance of a stationary 5Hp diesel engine starting from 0% to 100% load conditions. The engine was run with diesel and four different blends of diesel/biodiesel. Values for speed, torque, fuel consumption rate and exhaust temperature were determined. The optimum biodiesel yield recorded was 94.6%. The torque, speed, fuel consumption rate and exhaust temperature recorded for best engine performance for all blends were 8.50 Nm, 2950 rpm, 2.925 × 10−6 kg/s, and 300 °C. The evaluated engine parameters showed sand apple biodiesel can be burned in diesel engines using appropriate blending ratio without any modification to the engine.

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  • Ogunkunle, Oyetola & Ahmed, Noor A., 2019. "Performance evaluation of a diesel engine using blends of optimized yields of sand apple (Parinari polyandra) oil biodiesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 1320-1331.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:134:y:2019:i:c:p:1320-1331
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.09.040
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    1. Sandouqa, Arwa & Al-Hamamre, Zayed, 2021. "Economical evaluation of jojoba cultivation for biodiesel production in Jordan," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 1116-1132.
    2. Oyetola Ogunkunle & Noor A. Ahmed, 2021. "Overview of Biodiesel Combustion in Mitigating the Adverse Impacts of Engine Emissions on the Sustainable Human–Environment Scenario," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-28, May.
    3. Zhang, Long & Bai, Wuliyasu, 2021. "Sustainability of crop–based biodiesel for transportation in China: Barrier analysis and life cycle ecological footprint calculations," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    4. Chandran, Radhakrishnan & Kaliaperumal, Rajendran & Balakrishnan, Saravanakumar & Britten, Allen J. & MacInnis, Judy & Mkandawire, Martin, 2020. "Characteristics of bio-oil from continuous fast pyrolysis of Prosopis juliflora," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).

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