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Optimization of biodiesel production from wet microalgal biomass by direct transesterification using the surface response methodology

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  • Macías-Sánchez, M.D.
  • Robles-Medina, A.
  • Jiménez-Callejón, M.J.
  • Hita-Peña, E.
  • Estéban-Cerdán, L.
  • González-Moreno, P.A.
  • Navarro-López, E.
  • Molina-Grima, E.

Abstract

The production of fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs, biodiesel) was optimized from wet Nannochloropsis gaditana microalgal biomass (81.8 wt% water and 28.1 wt% saponifiable lipids, SLs, from the dry biomass). FAME production was carried out by direct acid-catalyzed methylation of the SLs from the microalgal biomass and FAME extraction with hexane. A three-variable, three-level Box-Behnken design (BBD) was applied to optimize the sulphuric acid (catalyst) concentration, the methanol/SL ratio and the hexane/SL ratio. The best FAME yield was obtained with a methanol/SL ratio of 254 mL/g, a sulphuric acid concentration of 3.7% (v/v) and a hexane/SL ratio of 107.7 mL/g at 100 °C and for 105 min. Under these conditions, 100% of the SLs were transformed into FAMEs. Finally, the FAME purity was increased from 78.7 to 86.8 wt% using an adsorption treatment with bentonite.

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  • Macías-Sánchez, M.D. & Robles-Medina, A. & Jiménez-Callejón, M.J. & Hita-Peña, E. & Estéban-Cerdán, L. & González-Moreno, P.A. & Navarro-López, E. & Molina-Grima, E., 2018. "Optimization of biodiesel production from wet microalgal biomass by direct transesterification using the surface response methodology," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(PA), pages 141-149.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:129:y:2018:i:pa:p:141-149
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.06.001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cerón-García, M.C. & Macías-Sánchez, M.D. & Sánchez-Mirón, A. & García-Camacho, F. & Molina-Grima, E., 2013. "A process for biodiesel production involving the heterotrophic fermentation of Chlorella protothecoides with glycerol as the carbon source," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 341-349.
    2. Mata, Teresa M. & Martins, António A. & Caetano, Nidia. S., 2010. "Microalgae for biodiesel production and other applications: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 217-232, January.
    3. Hita Peña, Estrella & Robles Medina, Alfonso & Jiménez Callejón, María J. & Macías Sánchez, María D. & Esteban Cerdán, Luis & González Moreno, Pedro A. & Molina Grima, Emilio, 2015. "Extraction of free fatty acids from wet Nannochloropsis gaditana biomass for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 366-373.
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