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Experimental study of wake characteristics in tidal turbine arrays

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  • Nuernberg, M.
  • Tao, L.

Abstract

For the successful deployment of large scale tidal turbine arrays occupying a large part of tidal channels, understanding the effects of wake interaction in densely spaced arrays is of importance. A comprehensive set of experiments has been conducted with scaled tidal turbines to investigate the resulting wake characteristics in a number of different staggered array configurations with up to four turbines on a designated support frame. Wake velocity deficits and turbulence intensities at a number of locations within and downstream of the array are presented and in addition the flow field recordings from Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements are presented for visual investigation of the resulting wake field and wake characteristics along the array centre line. The experiments show that lateral and longitudinal spacing variations of the individual devices vary the resulting flow field downstream of the array section significantly. Lateral spacing can be optimised to result in beneficial flow effects that accelerate the downstream wake recovery. Very close spacing however leads to significantly reduced velocity recovery. Longitudinal spacing shows less significant influence, especially for configurations with wide lateral distances. Differences in wake velocity deficit of up to 10% have been identified and suggest array wake recovery in and downstream of staggered sections, in areas of lower ambient turbulence levels, to be more significantly influenced by the lateral spacing especially towards the front rows of the array. With every additional array section the increasing turbulence intensity within the array is anticipated to reduce this effect.

Suggested Citation

  • Nuernberg, M. & Tao, L., 2018. "Experimental study of wake characteristics in tidal turbine arrays," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 168-181.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:127:y:2018:i:c:p:168-181
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.04.053
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    5. Chen, Long & Yao, Yu & Wang, Zhi-liang, 2020. "Development and validation of a prediction model for the multi-wake of tidal stream turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 800-809.
    6. Ahmadi, Mohammad H.B. & Yang, Zhiyin, 2020. "The evolution of turbulence characteristics in the wake of a horizontal axis tidal stream turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 1008-1015.
    7. Gauvin-Tremblay, Olivier & Dumas, Guy, 2022. "Hydrokinetic turbine array analysis and optimization integrating blockage effects and turbine-wake interactions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 851-869.
    8. Cosme, Diego L.S. & Veras, Rafael B. & Camacho, Ramiro G.R. & Saavedra, Osvaldo R. & Torres, Audálio & Andrade, Mauro M., 2023. "Modeling and assessing the potential of the Boqueirão channel for tidal exploration," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(P1).
    9. Lin, Jie & Lin, Binliang & Sun, Jian & Chen, Yaling, 2021. "Wake structure and mechanical energy transformation induced by a horizontal axis tidal stream turbine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 171(C), pages 1344-1356.
    10. Chen, Yaling & Wang, Dayu & Wang, Dangwei, 2024. "The flow field within a staggered hydrokinetic turbine array," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    11. Craig Hill & Vincent S. Neary & Michele Guala & Fotis Sotiropoulos, 2020. "Performance and Wake Characterization of a Model Hydrokinetic Turbine: The Reference Model 1 (RM1) Dual Rotor Tidal Energy Converter," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-21, October.
    12. Modali, Pranav K. & Vinod, Ashwin & Banerjee, Arindam, 2021. "Towards a better understanding of yawed turbine wake for efficient wake steering in tidal arrays," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 482-494.
    13. Federico Attene & Francesco Balduzzi & Alessandro Bianchini & M. Sergio Campobasso, 2020. "Using Experimentally Validated Navier-Stokes CFD to Minimize Tidal Stream Turbine Power Losses Due to Wake/Turbine Interactions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-26, October.
    14. Gaurier, Benoît & Carlier, Clément & Germain, Grégory & Pinon, Grégory & Rivoalen, Elie, 2020. "Three tidal turbines in interaction: An experimental study of turbulence intensity effects on wakes and turbine performance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 148(C), pages 1150-1164.
    15. Ebdon, Tim & Allmark, Matthew J. & O’Doherty, Daphne M. & Mason-Jones, Allan & O’Doherty, Tim & Germain, Gregory & Gaurier, Benoit, 2021. "The impact of turbulence and turbine operating condition on the wakes of tidal turbines," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(P2), pages 96-116.

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