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Effect of additives on performance, combustion and emission behavior of preheated palm oil/diesel blends in DI diesel engine

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  • Senthur Prabu, S.
  • Asokan, M.A.
  • Prathiba, S.
  • Ahmed, Shakkeel
  • Puthean, George

Abstract

Internal combustion (IC) engine is an attractive main power resource for transportation and in the foreseeable future also their domination never going to be altered. However, almost half of the energy from the fuel supplied to the IC engines is going as waste heat to the environment in the means of cooling and exhaust systems. This waste heat from the exhaust gasses were used to preheat the Palm Oil (PO)/diesel blends to 60 °C with the help of heat exchanger to obtain a homogenous mixture. This research work emphasizes on the performance, combustion and emission characteristics of a four stroke, single cylinder natural aspirated, water cooled direct injection (DI) diesel engine using preheated Palm Oil (PO)/diesel blends. Engine tests were conducted with preheated palm oil/diesel blends (PO20, PO30 and PO40) and pure diesel at a constant speed of 1500 rpm for different load conditions. The results of engine performance like Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC), Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE) and Combustion characteristics of Heat release rate, cylinder pressure and emissions like Carbon Monoxide (CO), unburned Hydro Carbon (HC), Nitrogen Oxide (NOx) and Smoke Opacity of all palm oil blends were compared with pure diesel fuel. The result reveals that, PO20 blend is the most preferable blend among the other palm oil blends. To further improve the performance characteristics of PO20, fuel additives such as BHT (2000 ppm) and n-butanol (20% by volume) is added to the PO20 blend. The brake specific fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency of the PO20 + BHT blend is 11.4% and 5.1% higher than that of diesel fuel. The CO emission of PO20 + butanol blend shows 37.5% lower, whereas the NOx emission is 1.9% higher than that of diesel fuel. Moreover the smoke and EGT is observed to be 13% and 3.1% lower compared to diesel fuel. This research work reveals that, preheated palm oil and its blends with antioxidant proved better performance and emission levels than diesel fuel. So from an environmental point of view palm oil blends with diesel fuel will be a more promising alternative fuel in the near future.

Suggested Citation

  • Senthur Prabu, S. & Asokan, M.A. & Prathiba, S. & Ahmed, Shakkeel & Puthean, George, 2018. "Effect of additives on performance, combustion and emission behavior of preheated palm oil/diesel blends in DI diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 196-205.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:122:y:2018:i:c:p:196-205
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2018.01.068
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    4. Kodate, Shankar Vitthal & Satyanarayana Raju, Pragada & Yadav, Ajay Kumar & Kumar, G.N., 2021. "Investigation of preheated Dhupa seed oil biodiesel as an alternative fuel on the performance, emission and combustion in a CI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    5. Hazar, Hanbey & Sevinc, Huseyin, 2019. "Investigation of the effects of pre-heated linseed oil on performance and exhaust emission at a coated diesel engine," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 961-967.
    6. Anis, Samsudin & Budiandono, Galuh Nur, 2019. "Investigation of the effects of preheating temperature of biodiesel-diesel fuel blends on spray characteristics and injection pump performances," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 274-280.
    7. Raslavičius, Laurencas & Felneris, Mantas & Pukalskas, Saugirdas & Rimkus, Alfredas & Melaika, Mindaugas, 2019. "Evaluation of P. moriformis oil and its blends with diesel fuel as promising contributors to transportation energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    8. Asokan, M.A. & Prabu, S. Senthur & Khalife, Esmail & Sanjey, K.A. & Prathiba, S., 2024. "Vibration analysis using wavelet transformation technique and performance characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with tamarind biodiesel-diesel blends and diverse additives," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
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