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Analysis of the technical, environmental and economic potential of phase change materials (PCM) for root zone heating in Mediterranean greenhouses

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  • Llorach-Massana, Pere
  • Peña, Javier
  • Rieradevall, Joan
  • Montero, J. Ignacio

Abstract

Root zone heating systems offer increasing crops quality and productivity. However, these systems are based on the use of nonrenewable fuels. This paper reports on a study of different design solutions for a root zone heating system, based on thermal energy storage with PCM. The objective of the study was to define, through multiple experiments, the most efficient PCM melting/freezing temperature and location with respect to the substrate (i.e., under the substrate) for the application under study; as well as, to determine the system’s environmental and economic feasibility, with life cycle assessment and life cycle cost methodologies. Results show that the best melting temperature for the application under study is 15 °C. To increase the efficiency of the system, PCMs may be macro encapsulated and wrap the entire perlite bag. Moreover, it seems that PCMs are far to substitute conventional root zone heating systems because it does not provided enough heat during nights. Nevertheless, PCMs can help to reduce the operation time of conventional systems. Based on one night results it seem that PCM could provide annual saving of between 22 and 30 kg of eq. CO2/ha·day. However, it does not seem to be feasible if PCM prices (8€/kg) do not decrease significantly.

Suggested Citation

  • Llorach-Massana, Pere & Peña, Javier & Rieradevall, Joan & Montero, J. Ignacio, 2017. "Analysis of the technical, environmental and economic potential of phase change materials (PCM) for root zone heating in Mediterranean greenhouses," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 570-581.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:103:y:2017:i:c:p:570-581
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2016.11.040
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Cabeza, L.F. & Castell, A. & Barreneche, C. & de Gracia, A. & Fernández, A.I., 2011. "Materials used as PCM in thermal energy storage in buildings: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 15(3), pages 1675-1695, April.
    2. Llorach-Massana, Pere & Peña, Javier & Rieradevall, Joan & Montero, Juan Ignacio, 2016. "LCA & LCCA of a PCM application to control root zone temperatures of hydroponic crops in comparison with conventional root zone heating systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 1079-1089.
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    Cited by:

    1. Chrysanthos Maraveas & Christos-Spyridon Karavas & Dimitrios Loukatos & Thomas Bartzanas & Konstantinos G. Arvanitis & Eleni Symeonaki, 2023. "Agricultural Greenhouses: Resource Management Technologies and Perspectives for Zero Greenhouse Gas Emissions," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-46, July.
    2. Sławomir Kurpaska & Katarzyna Wolny-Koładka & Mateusz Malinowski & Klaudia Tomaszek & Hubert Latała, 2023. "Thermal-Mass and Microbiological Analysis of Forced Air Flow through the Stone Heat Accumulator Bed," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-22, May.
    3. Wei, Kun & Wang, Yachuan & Ma, Biao, 2019. "Effects of microencapsulated phase change materials on the performance of asphalt binders," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 931-940.
    4. Calabrese, Luigi & Brancato, Vincenza & Paolomba, Valeria & Proverbio, Edoardo, 2019. "An experimental study on the corrosion sensitivity of metal alloys for usage in PCM thermal energy storages," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 1018-1027.
    5. Roberta Di Bari & Rafael Horn & Björn Nienborg & Felix Klinker & Esther Kieseritzky & Felix Pawelz, 2020. "The Environmental Potential of Phase Change Materials in Building Applications. A Multiple Case Investigation Based on Life Cycle Assessment and Building Simulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-30, June.
    6. Satoshi Takeya & Sanehiro Muromachi & Tatsuo Maekawa & Yoshitaka Yamamoto & Hiroko Mimachi & Takahiro Kinoshita & Tetsuro Murayama & Hiroki Umeda & Dong-Hyuk Ahn & Yasunaga Iwasaki & Hidenori Hashimot, 2017. "Design of Ecological CO 2 Enrichment System for Greenhouse Production using TBAB + CO 2 Semi-Clathrate Hydrate," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-12, July.

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