IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/pacfin/v79y2023ics0927538x23000793.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The flight to safety during credit recovery: The role of implicit government guarantees

Author

Listed:
  • Liu, Tianming
  • Xiong, Haifang
  • Li, Yifei
  • Wang, Zhiqiang

Abstract

This paper examines the investor flight-to-safety phenomenon during the credit recovery period following corporate bond defaults. We find that implicit government guarantee (IGG) bonds crowd out non-implicit government guarantee (non-IGG) bonds in the Chinese corporate bond market at the provincial level. The crowding-out effect is stronger in a province with scarce bank credit resources. In contrast, the crowding-out effect disappears when the bonds are explicitly guaranteed by a third-party or if the default event is triggered by a state-owned enterprise (SOE). This finding is robust to various maturity terms, alternative samples, propensity score matching and placebo tests. Our evidence highlights the significant role of implicit government guarantees in the crowding-out effect during the credit recovery period.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Tianming & Xiong, Haifang & Li, Yifei & Wang, Zhiqiang, 2023. "The flight to safety during credit recovery: The role of implicit government guarantees," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 79(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:pacfin:v:79:y:2023:i:c:s0927538x23000793
    DOI: 10.1016/j.pacfin.2023.102013
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0927538X23000793
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.pacfin.2023.102013?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Eichengreen, Barry & Gupta, Poonam, 2013. "The financial crisis and Indian banks: Survival of the fittest?," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 138-152.
    2. Chen, Zhuo & He, Zhiguo & Liu, Chun, 2020. "The financing of local government in China: Stimulus loan wanes and shadow banking waxes," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(1), pages 42-71.
    3. Gorton, Gary & Metrick, Andrew & Xie, Lei, 2021. "The flight from maturity," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 47(C).
    4. Chen, Fang & Huang, Jing-Zhi & Sun, Zhenzhen & Yu, Tong, 2020. "Why do firms issue guaranteed bonds?," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    5. Mo, Guiqing & Gao, Zhi & Zhou, Lei, 2021. "China's no-bailout reform: Impact on bond yields and rating standards," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    6. Tsafack, Georges & Li, Yifei & Beliaeva, Natalia, 2021. "Too-big-to-fail: The value of government guarantee," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 68(C).
    7. Dräger, Lena & Lamla, Michael J. & Pfajfar, Damjan, 2016. "Are survey expectations theory-consistent? The role of central bank communication and news," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 84-111.
    8. Viral V Acharya & Lea Borchert & Maximilian Jager & Sascha Steffen, 2021. "Kicking the Can Down the Road: Government Interventions in the European Banking Sector," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 34(9), pages 4090-4131.
    9. Bin Liu & Charles Cullinan & Junrui Zhang & Fangjun Wang, 2016. "Loan guarantees and the cost of debt: evidence from China," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(38), pages 3626-3643, August.
    10. Demirci, Irem & Huang, Jennifer & Sialm, Clemens, 2019. "Government debt and corporate leverage: International evidence," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 133(2), pages 337-356.
    11. Kolasinski, Adam C., 2009. "Subsidiary debt, capital structure and internal capital markets," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 94(2), pages 327-343, November.
    12. Zhang, Man & Brookins, Oscar T. & Huang, Xiaowei, 2022. "The crowding out effect of central versus local government debt: Evidence from China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    13. Thomas Dangl & Josef Zechner, 2021. "Debt Maturity and the Dynamics of Leverage [Rollover risk and market freezes]," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 34(12), pages 5796-5840.
    14. Marlene Amstad & Zhiguo He, 2019. "Chinese Bond Market and Interbank Market," NBER Working Papers 25549, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    15. de Blasio, Guido & De Mitri, Stefania & D'Ignazio, Alessio & Finaldi Russo, Paolo & Stoppani, Lavinia, 2018. "Public guarantees to SME borrowing. A RDD evaluation," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 73-86.
    16. Han, Seung Hun & Pagano, Michael S. & Shin, Yoon S., 2019. "The evolving nature of Japanese corporate governance: Guaranteed bonds vs. rated bonds," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 162-183.
    17. Markus K. Brunnermeier & Martin Oehmke, 2013. "The Maturity Rat Race," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 68(2), pages 483-521, April.
    18. Zhe Geng & Jun Pan, 2019. "The SOE Premium and Government Support in China's Credit Market," NBER Working Papers 26575, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    19. Daniel Covitz & Nellie Liang & Gustavo A. Suarez, 2013. "The Evolution of a Financial Crisis: Collapse of the Asset-Backed Commercial Paper Market," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 68(3), pages 815-848, June.
    20. Liu, Jinyu & Wang, Zhengwei & Zhu, Wuxiang, 2021. "Does privatization reform alleviate ownership discrimination? Evidence from the Split-share structure reform in China," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    21. Lin William Cong & Haoyu Gao & Jacopo Ponticelli & Xiaoguang Yang, 2019. "Credit Allocation Under Economic Stimulus: Evidence from China," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 32(9), pages 3412-3460.
    22. Boguth, Oliver & Grégoire, Vincent & Martineau, Charles, 2019. "Shaping Expectations and Coordinating Attention: The Unintended Consequences of FOMC Press Conferences," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 54(6), pages 2327-2353, December.
    23. Giorgio Caselli & Catarina Figueira, 2023. "Monetary policy, ownership structure, and risk‐taking at financial intermediaries," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 58(1), pages 167-191, February.
    24. Brittany Cole & Michael A. Goldstein & Shane M. Moser & Robert A. Van Ness, 2022. "Trade price clustering in the corporate bond market," China Finance Review International, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 12(3), pages 353-377, May.
    25. Baker, Malcolm & Greenwood, Robin & Wurgler, Jeffrey, 2003. "The maturity of debt issues and predictable variation in bond returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(2), pages 261-291, November.
    26. Dong, Yi & Hou, Qiannan & Ni, Chenkai, 2021. "Implicit government guarantees and credit ratings," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    27. Fang Chen & Xuanjuan Chen & Zhenzhen Sun & Tong Yu & Ming Zhong, 2013. "Systemic Risk, Financial Crisis, and Credit Risk Insurance," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 48(3), pages 417-442, August.
    28. Peter M. Demarzo & Zhiguo He, 2021. "Leverage Dynamics without Commitment," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 76(3), pages 1195-1250, June.
    29. Zhang, Ran & Li, Yifei & Tian, Yuan, 2022. "Corporate bonds with implicit government guarantees," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    30. Luong, Thi Mai & Pieters, Russell & Scheule, Harald & Wu, Eliza, 2020. "The impact of government guarantees on banks' wholesale funding costs and lending behavior: Evidence from a natural experiment," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 61(C).
    31. Gao, Haoyu & Ru, Hong & Tang, Dragon Yongjun, 2021. "Subnational debt of China: The politics-finance nexus," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 141(3), pages 881-895.
    32. Imai, Masami, 2007. "The emergence of market monitoring in Japanese banks: Evidence from the subordinated debt market," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(5), pages 1441-1460, May.
    33. Ayyagari, Meghana & Demirgüç-Kunt, Asli & Maksimovic, Vojislav, 2021. "How common are credit-less recoveries? Firm-level evidence on the role of financial markets in crisis recovery," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Zhang, Man & Brookins, Oscar T. & Huang, Xiaowei, 2022. "The crowding out effect of central versus local government debt: Evidence from China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    2. Haiyun Ma & Deshuai Hou, 2023. "Local Government Debt and Corporate Maturity Mismatch between Investment and Financing: Evidence from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-17, April.
    3. Shen, Zhihan & Zhang, Ruipeng & Li, Peigong, 2024. "Local government debt and corporate tax avoidance: Evidence from China," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 93(PA), pages 985-1000.
    4. Chen, Suyun & Li, Zongze & Xie, Feixue & Xu, Xiaofang, 2024. "The signaling effect of local government debt: Evidence from China," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 95(PA).
    5. Xiong, Jiacai & Huang, Ling & Yang, Zelin & Wang, Xin, 2024. "The impact of local government debt on entrepreneurship: Evidence from a quasi-natural experiment of local debt governance reform," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 93(PA), pages 501-519.
    6. Wang, He & Yao, Yang & Zhou, Yue, 2022. "Markets price politicians: Evidence from China’s municipal bond markets," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 122(C).
    7. Liu, Yan & Wu, Guowei & Xiong, Chen, 2024. "Countercyclical central government transfers incentivize local government overborrowing: Theory and evidence," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
    8. Benzoni, Luca & Garlappi, Lorenzo & Goldstein, Robert S. & Ying, Chao, 2022. "Debt dynamics with fixed issuance costs," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 146(2), pages 385-402.
    9. repec:zbw:bofitp:2021_015 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Yuan, Hongqi & Zhou, Yiyuan & Zou, Hong, 2022. "Serving multiple ‘masters’: Evidence from the loan decisions of a publicly listed state-owned bank around a massive economic stimulus programme," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    11. Feng, Xu & Lütkebohmert, Eva & Xiao, Yajun, 2022. "Wealth management products, banking competition, and stability: Evidence from China," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    12. Zhang, Min & Zhang, Yahong, 2022. "Monetary stimulus policy in China: The bank credit channel," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    13. Xiaoming Li & Zheng Liu & Yuchao Peng & Zhiwei Xu, 2020. "Bank Risk-Taking and Monetary Policy Transmission: Evidence from China," Working Paper Series 2020-27, Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco.
    14. Deng, Jiapin & Liu, Qiao, 2024. "Good finance, bad finance, and resource misallocation: Evidence from China," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    15. Ruan, Qingsong & Lv, Dayong & Wei, Xiaokun, 2024. "High-speed rail and local government financing cost: Evidence from China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    16. Bo Li & Jacopo Ponticelli, 2020. "Going Bankrupt in China," NBER Working Papers 27501, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    17. Jo, Yonghwan & Kim, Jihee & Santos, Francisco, 2022. "The impact of liquidity risk in the Chinese banking system on the global commodity markets," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 23-50.
    18. Fan, Jianyong & Liu, Yu & Zhang, Qi & Zhao, Peng, 2022. "Does government debt impede firm innovation? Evidence from the rise of LGFVs in China," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 138(C).
    19. Chen, Zhuo & He, Zhiguo & Liu, Chun, 2020. "The financing of local government in China: Stimulus loan wanes and shadow banking waxes," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(1), pages 42-71.
    20. Chen, Wen & Zhu, Yufeng & He, Zehui & Yang, Yang, 2022. "The effect of local government debt on green innovation: Evidence from Chinese listed companies," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    21. Joachim Jungherr & Immo Schott, 2021. "Optimal Debt Maturity and Firm Investment," Review of Economic Dynamics, Elsevier for the Society for Economic Dynamics, vol. 42, pages 110-132, October.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    The flight to safety; Credit recovery; Implicit government guarantees; Government support;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • G33 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Bankruptcy; Liquidation
    • G38 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Government Policy and Regulation

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:pacfin:v:79:y:2023:i:c:s0927538x23000793. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/pacfin .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.