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Exploring the 3rd dimension within public law restrictions: A case study of Victoria, Australia

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  • Kitsakis, Dimitrios
  • Kalantari, Mohsen
  • Rajabifard, Abbas
  • Atazadeh, Behnam
  • Dimopoulou, Efi

Abstract

The urban environment is characterised by increasingly complex relations driven by the needs of modern societies, such as multi-purpose buildings and composite infrastructures. However, the capabilities for extensive vertical exploitation of land provided by construction technology are related to the expansion of public utilities. This results in administrative restrictions on land and developments, known as Public Law Restrictions (PLRs). PLRs impose explicit and implied 3D restrictions, as well as restrictions of non-geometrical characteristics such as noise or groundwater pollution. This paper investigates if and how 3D modelling may contribute to better manage and enforce PLRs in a 3D framework. To this end, the 3D PLRs required for the urban planning approval process in Victoria, Australia are examined. Requirements and guidelines were analysed in order to identify explicit, non-geometrical and implied 3D PLRs. To accomplish this, the spatial structure of two well-known 3D data models, CityGML and Industry Foundation Classes (IFC), were investigated, highlighting the advantages and drawbacks of these models in the management of 3D PLRs. The paper concludes that the implementation of a 3D PLR system requires addressing issues of scale differentiations (building scale or city scale of 3D data models in contrast to extensive, non-parcel-based PLRs), “translation” of qualitative characteristics to specific height, depth or volumetric restrictions, and modelling of invisible, non-material legal spaces.

Suggested Citation

  • Kitsakis, Dimitrios & Kalantari, Mohsen & Rajabifard, Abbas & Atazadeh, Behnam & Dimopoulou, Efi, 2019. "Exploring the 3rd dimension within public law restrictions: A case study of Victoria, Australia," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 195-206.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:lauspo:v:85:y:2019:i:c:p:195-206
    DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.03.024
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jenkins, Victoria, 2018. "Protecting the natural and cultural heritage of local landscapes: Finding substance in law and legal decision making," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 73-83.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Diana Bobikova & Zofia Kuzevicova & Stefan Kuzevic & Ibrahim Alkhalaf, 2022. "Proposal of a New Approach for Protected Deposit Area Registration in Public Administration Information Systems—A Case Study from Slovakia," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-22, November.
    2. Gkeli, Maria & Potsiou, Chryssy & Ioannidis, Charalabos, 2020. "A technical solution for 3D crowdsourced cadastral surveys," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    3. Zhi Zhang & Jenny Paulsson & Jian Gong & Ji’e Huan, 2020. "Legal Framework of Urban Underground Space in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-17, October.
    4. Chryssy Potsiou & Nikolaos Doulamis & Nikolaos Bakalos & Maria Gkeli & Charalabos Ioannidis & Selena Markouizou, 2022. "A Prototype Machine Learning Tool Aiming to Support 3D Crowdsourced Cadastral Surveying of Self-Made Cities," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-21, December.
    5. Grgo Dželalija & Miodrag Roić, 2023. "Bibliometrics on Public Utilities Registration Research," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-20, May.
    6. Kitsakis, Dimitrios & Dimopoulou, Efi, 2020. "Assessing the environmental impact of 3D public law restrictions," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C).
    7. Vladimír Raškovič & Zlatica Muchová & František Petrovič, 2019. "A New Approach to the Registration of Buildings towards 3D Land and Property Management in Slovakia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(17), pages 1-12, August.
    8. Guler, Dogus & Yomralioglu, Tahsin, 2022. "Reviewing the literature on the tripartite cycle containing digital building permit, 3D city modeling, and 3D property ownership," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
    9. Gkeli, Maria & Potsiou, Chryssy, 2023. "3D crowdsourced parametric cadastral mapping: Pathways integrating BIM/IFC, crowdsourced data and LADM," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    10. Emamgholian, Saeid & Pouliot, Jacynthe & Shojaei, Davood, 2024. "A conceptual framework for automatic modelling and conflict detection of 3D land-use regulation restrictions to support issuing planning permits," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    11. Guler, Dogus & Yomralioglu, Tahsin, 2021. "A reformative framework for processes from building permit issuing to property ownership in Turkey," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C).
    12. Siham El Yamani & Rafika Hajji & Gilles-Antoine Nys & Mohamed Ettarid & Roland Billen, 2021. "3D Variables Requirements for Property Valuation Modeling Based on the Integration of BIM and CIM," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(5), pages 1-22, March.

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