Sustainable development mechanism: The role of natural resources, remittance and policy uncertainty

The previously observed paradox, where abundant natural resources seemingly hinder a nation's economic progress, continues to be a point of academic interest, particularly in the context of carbon emissions. This study delves into the intricate dynamics between technological innovation, remittances, policy uncertainty, natural resources, and ecological degradation—specifically carbon emissions—in BRIC nations, spanning the years 1990–2020. These interrelations are of significant relevance to policy think tanks. Our analysis reveals that policy uncertainty and the abundance of natural resources are contributing to an increase in carbon emissions in the selected nations. Conversely, remittances have emerged as a vital factor in reducing carbon emissions. Additionally, technological innovation has been identified as a key driver in mitigating environmental degradation, including carbon emissions. Based on these empirical findings, it is imperative for policymakers to develop strategies that emphasize natural resource conservation, technological innovation, and the promotion of renewable energy to effectively combat carbon emissions.