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Evaluating the Influences of Natural Resources and Ageing People on CO 2 Emissions in G-11 Nations: Application of CS-ARDL Approach

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  • Usman Mehmood

    (Department of Political Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
    Remote Sensing, GIS and Climatic Research Lab (National Center of GIS and Space Applications), Centre for Remote Sensing, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan)

  • Ephraim Bonah Agyekum

    (Department of Nuclear and Renewable Energy, Ural Federal University Named after the First President of Russia Boris, 19 Mira Street, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russia)

  • Solomon Eghosa Uhunamure

    (Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O. Box 652, Cape Town 8000, South Africa)

  • Karabo Shale

    (Faculty of Applied Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O. Box 652, Cape Town 8000, South Africa)

  • Ayesha Mariam

    (Remote Sensing, GIS and Climatic Research Lab (National Center of GIS and Space Applications), Centre for Remote Sensing, University of the Punjab, Lahore 54590, Pakistan)

Abstract

Globalization as well as the ratio of ageing people in the group of 11 (G-11) countries has seen a rapid increase in recent years. Therefore, this study aims to provide effective policy recommendations for sustainable development goals 13, 8, and 7, for the G-11 countries. This work estimates the impact of natural resources and the ageing population on the emission of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) in G-11 countries using panel data from 1990–2020. For empirical results, second-generation methods were applied. The Westerlund co-integration test that assesses co-integration confirms the firm association among the parameters, and the values of coefficient of the cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) approach show that a 1% increase in the ageing population will lower the emissions of CO 2 by 13.41% among G-11 countries. Moreover, the findings show that there exists an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) among natural resources, globalization, economic growth, ageing people, and the emission of CO 2 . Based on the findings, this work presents some important policy implications for achieving sustainable growth in the G-11 countries. These countries need to lower the amount of energy obtained from fossil fuels to improve air quality.

Suggested Citation

  • Usman Mehmood & Ephraim Bonah Agyekum & Solomon Eghosa Uhunamure & Karabo Shale & Ayesha Mariam, 2022. "Evaluating the Influences of Natural Resources and Ageing People on CO 2 Emissions in G-11 Nations: Application of CS-ARDL Approach," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-14, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:19:y:2022:i:3:p:1449-:d:735921
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