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Determination of the optimum cut-off grades and production scheduling in multi-product open pit mines using imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA)

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  • Mohammadi, Sadjad
  • Kakaie, Reza
  • Ataei, Mohammad
  • Pourzamani, Eshagh

Abstract

With regard to the immense importance of cut-off grade in designing and planning open pit mines, optimizing this parameter has considerable effects in mining economic. This paper describes objective function for single metal mines with multi-product. For this purpose, the operation process in mine No.1 of the Golgohar iron mine that produces three types of products (sizing, concentrate and pellet) for sales is used to model objective function. Then the Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) has been utilized to find out the optimum cut-off grades. Consequently, the optimum cut-off grades has been calculated between 40.5 and 47.5% and net present value has been obtained 18,142 billion Rial. In addition, production scheduling is carried out for five years mining plan pushback. Therefore, the average stripping ratio has been determined 1.41. The result shows that by stockpiling low-grade ore, concentrate plant can be fed by maximum capacity for one year addition to the primary plan.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohammadi, Sadjad & Kakaie, Reza & Ataei, Mohammad & Pourzamani, Eshagh, 2017. "Determination of the optimum cut-off grades and production scheduling in multi-product open pit mines using imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA)," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 39-48.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jrpoli:v:51:y:2017:i:c:p:39-48
    DOI: 10.1016/j.resourpol.2016.11.005
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Thompson, Matt & Barr, Drew, 2014. "Cut-off grade: A real options analysis," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 83-92.
    2. Azimi, Yousuf & Osanloo, Morteza & Esfahanipour, Akbar, 2013. "An uncertainty based multi-criteria ranking system for open pit mining cut-off grade strategy selection," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(2), pages 212-223.
    3. Rahimi, Esmaeil & Ghasemzadeh, Hasan, 2015. "A new algorithm to determine optimum cut-off grades considering technical, economical, environmental and social aspects," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 46(P1), pages 51-63.
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    1. Biswas, Pritam & Sinha, Rabindra Kumar & Sen, Phalguni, 2023. "A review of state-of-the-art techniques for the determination of the optimum cut-off grade of a metalliferous deposit with a bibliometric mapping in a surface mine planning context," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C).
    2. Khan, Asif & Asad, Mohammad Waqar Ali, 2021. "A mixed integer programming based cut-off grade model for open-pit mining of complex poly-metallic resources," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    3. Paithankar, Amol & Chatterjee, Snehamoy & Goodfellow, Ryan & Asad, Mohammad Waqar Ali, 2020. "Simultaneous stochastic optimization of production sequence and dynamic cut-off grades in an open pit mining operation," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    4. Paithankar, Amol & Chatterjee, Snehamoy & Goodfellow, Ryan, 2021. "Open-pit mining complex optimization under uncertainty with integrated cut-off grade based destination policies," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    5. Ahmadi, Mohammad Reza & Bazzazi, Abbas Aghajani, 2019. "Cutoff grades optimization in open pit mines using meta-heuristic algorithms," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 72-82.
    6. Noriega, Roberto & Pourrahimian, Yashar, 2022. "A systematic review of artificial intelligence and data-driven approaches in strategic open-pit mine planning," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).

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