Study on the development path of low-carbon retail clusters empowered by digital empowerment

This study provides an in-depth exploration of the mechanisms by which wholesale and retail clusters in China influence green and low-carbon synergistic development. Using the system generalized method of moments (SYS-GMM) method combined with the theory of industrial clusters, the contribution of digital technology application, green supply chain management, consumer behaviour, and corporate social responsibility to synergistic development is analyzed. It is found that the highly clustered wholesale and retail industry has promoted supply chain intelligence and logistics optimization through the extensive application of digital technology, creating favourable conditions for synergistic development. Regarding green supply chain management, cluster companies are more inclined to adopt green measures such as environmentally friendly packaging and energy-efficient logistics, effectively reducing carbon emission levels. In terms of consumer behaviour, the increase in the clustering rate has prompted consumers to be more inclined to consume green and purchase green products, thus promoting the decarbonization of products and services. CSR practices show that highly clustered companies are more active in implementing emission reduction measures, reflecting their responsibility for sustainable development. This study provides a new theoretical perspective for understanding the intrinsic mechanism of industrial clusters in carbon emission reduction and offers feasible carbon reduction strategies for industrial practices. In the urgent global carbon emission reduction context, this study provides essential academic and practical value for promoting China's wholesale and retail industry toward more sustainable development.