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Some tests for the covariance matrix with fewer observations than the dimension under non-normality

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  • Srivastava, Muni S.
  • Kollo, Tõnu
  • von Rosen, Dietrich

Abstract

This article analyzes whether some existing tests for the pxp covariance matrix [Sigma] of the N independent identically distributed observation vectors work under non-normality. We focus on three hypotheses testing problems: (1) testing for sphericity, that is, the covariance matrix [Sigma] is proportional to an identity matrix Ip; (2) the covariance matrix [Sigma] is an identity matrix Ip; and (3) the covariance matrix is a diagonal matrix. It is shown that the tests proposed by Srivastava (2005) for the above three problems are robust under the non-normality assumption made in this article irrespective of whether N =p, but (N,p)-->[infinity], and N/p may go to zero or infinity. Results are asymptotic and it may be noted that they may not hold for finite (N,p).

Suggested Citation

  • Srivastava, Muni S. & Kollo, Tõnu & von Rosen, Dietrich, 2011. "Some tests for the covariance matrix with fewer observations than the dimension under non-normality," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 102(6), pages 1090-1103, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jmvana:v:102:y:2011:i:6:p:1090-1103
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nagao, Hisao & Srivastava, M. S., 1992. "On the distributions of some test criteria for a covariance matrix under local alternatives and bootstrap approximations," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 43(2), pages 331-350, November.
    2. James R. Schott, 2005. "Testing for complete independence in high dimensions," Biometrika, Biometrika Trust, vol. 92(4), pages 951-956, December.
    3. Jonsson, Dag, 1982. "Some limit theorems for the eigenvalues of a sample covariance matrix," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 12(1), pages 1-38, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Tian, Xintao & Lu, Yuting & Li, Weiming, 2015. "A robust test for sphericity of high-dimensional covariance matrices," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 217-227.
    2. Masashi Hyodo & Nobumichi Shutoh & Takahiro Nishiyama & Tatjana Pavlenko, 2015. "Testing block-diagonal covariance structure for high-dimensional data," Statistica Neerlandica, Netherlands Society for Statistics and Operations Research, vol. 69(4), pages 460-482, November.
    3. Qin, Yingli & Li, Weiming, 2016. "Testing the order of a population spectral distribution for high-dimensional data," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 75-82.
    4. Yuki Ikeda & Tatsuya Kubokawa & Muni S. Srivastava, 2015. "Comparison of Linear Shrinkage Estimators of a Large Covariance Matrix in Normal and Non-normal Distributions," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-970, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
    5. Yamada, Yuki & Hyodo, Masashi & Nishiyama, Takahiro, 2017. "Testing block-diagonal covariance structure for high-dimensional data under non-normality," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 305-316.
    6. Wang, Guanghui & Zou, Changliang & Wang, Zhaojun, 2013. "A necessary test for complete independence in high dimensions using rank-correlations," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 224-232.
    7. Li, Weiming & Qin, Yingli, 2014. "Hypothesis testing for high-dimensional covariance matrices," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 108-119.
    8. Muni S. Srivastava & Hirokazu Yanagihara & Tatsuya Kubokawa, 2014. "Tests for Covariance Matrices in High Dimension with Less Sample Size," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-933, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.
    9. Jiang Hu & Zhidong Bai & Chen Wang & Wei Wang, 2017. "On testing the equality of high dimensional mean vectors with unequal covariance matrices," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 69(2), pages 365-387, April.
    10. Ikeda, Yuki & Kubokawa, Tatsuya & Srivastava, Muni S., 2016. "Comparison of linear shrinkage estimators of a large covariance matrix in normal and non-normal distributions," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 95-108.
    11. Long Feng & Changliang Zou & Zhaojun Wang, 2016. "Multivariate-Sign-Based High-Dimensional Tests for the Two-Sample Location Problem," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 111(514), pages 721-735, April.
    12. Aki Ishii & Kazuyoshi Yata & Makoto Aoshima, 2021. "Hypothesis tests for high-dimensional covariance structures," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 73(3), pages 599-622, June.
    13. Mao, Guangyu, 2018. "Testing independence in high dimensions using Kendall’s tau," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 128-137.
    14. Glombek, Konstantin, 2013. "A Jarque-Bera test for sphericity of a large-dimensional covariance matrix," Discussion Papers in Econometrics and Statistics 1/13, University of Cologne, Institute of Econometrics and Statistics.
    15. Zhendong Wang & Xingzhong Xu, 2021. "High-dimensional sphericity test by extended likelihood ratio," Metrika: International Journal for Theoretical and Applied Statistics, Springer, vol. 84(8), pages 1169-1212, November.
    16. Qian, Manling & Tao, Li & Li, Erqian & Tian, Maozai, 2020. "Hypothesis testing for the identity of high-dimensional covariance matrices," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    17. Tatsuya Kubokawa & Muni S. Srivastava, 2013. "Optimal Ridge-type Estimators of Covariance Matrix in High Dimension," CIRJE F-Series CIRJE-F-906, CIRJE, Faculty of Economics, University of Tokyo.

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