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History, gravity and international finance

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  • Chiţu, Livia
  • Eichengreen, Barry
  • Mehl, Arnaud

Abstract

We analyse patterns of bilateral financial investment using data on US holdings of foreign bonds. We document a “history effect” in which holdings seven decades ago continue to influence holdings today. 10–15% of the cross-country variation in US investors' foreign bond holdings is explained by holdings 70 years ago, plausibly reflecting fixed costs of market entry and exit and endogenous learning. This effect is twice as large for bonds denominated in currencies other than the dollar, suggesting the existence of even higher fixed costs of initiating US foreign investment in such currencies. Our findings point to history and path dependence as key sources of financial market segmentation.

Suggested Citation

  • Chiţu, Livia & Eichengreen, Barry & Mehl, Arnaud, 2014. "History, gravity and international finance," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 104-129.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jimfin:v:46:y:2014:i:c:p:104-129
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jimonfin.2014.04.002
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    As found by EconAcademics.org, the blog aggregator for Economics research:
    1. History matters: even in very deep and heavily traded markets
      by Nicholas Gruen in Club Troppo on 2013-01-21 18:42:30

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Gravity model; International finance; Geography of asset holdings; Hysteresis; Endogenous learning; International role of the dollar;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F30 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - General
    • N20 - Economic History - - Financial Markets and Institutions - - - General, International, or Comparative

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