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Effects of age, need for cognition, and affective intensity on advertising effectiveness

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  • McKay-Nesbitt, Jane
  • Manchanda, Rajesh V.
  • Smith, Malcolm C.
  • Huhmann, Bruce A.

Abstract

This paper explores how individual characteristics of age, need for cognition (NFC), and affective intensity (AI) interact with each other and with advertising appeal frames (i.e., rational, positive-emotional, negative-emotional) to influence ad attitudes, involvement, and recall. The mixed design study reveals that younger adults recall emotional messages, especially negative ones, better than rational ones, but recall does not differ for older adults across appeal frames. Older adults prefer rational and positive messages to negative-emotional messages but ad attitudes do not differ among younger adults across appeal frames. Finally, age interacts with AI, but not NFC, to influence ad responsiveness. Both age and AI influence ad attitudes such that older adults exhibit the most positive ad attitudes across all appeal frames.

Suggested Citation

  • McKay-Nesbitt, Jane & Manchanda, Rajesh V. & Smith, Malcolm C. & Huhmann, Bruce A., 2011. "Effects of age, need for cognition, and affective intensity on advertising effectiveness," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 64(1), pages 12-17, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jbrese:v:64:y:2011:i:1:p:12-17
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    2. Gauzente, Claire & Roy, Yves, 2012. "Message content in keyword campaigns, click behavior, and price-consciousness: A study of millennial consumers," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 19(1), pages 78-87.
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    7. Ana C. Martinez-Levy & Dario Rossi & Giulia Cartocci & Marco Mancini & Gianluca Flumeri & Arianna Trettel & Fabio Babiloni & Patrizia Cherubino, 2022. "Message framing, non-conscious perception and effectiveness in non-profit advertising. Contribution by neuromarketing research," International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing, Springer;International Association of Public and Non-Profit Marketing, vol. 19(1), pages 53-75, March.
    8. Kuppelwieser, Volker G., 2016. "Towards the use of chronological age in research – A cautionary comment," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 33(C), pages 17-22.
    9. Claeys, An-Sofie & Cauberghe, Verolien, 2014. "What makes crisis response strategies work? The impact of crisis involvement and message framing," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 67(2), pages 182-189.
    10. Kaushik, Kapil & Mishra, Abhishek & Cyr, Dianne, 2023. "‘Riding out the pandemic’: The role of brand message appeals on social media in shaping consumer responses," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 155(PA).
    11. Crawford, Heather J. & Gregory, Gary D., 2015. "Humorous advertising that travels: A review and call for research," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 68(3), pages 569-577.
    12. Cheong Kim & Hyeon Gyu Jeon & Kun Chang Lee, 2020. "Discovering the Role of Emotional and Rational Appeals and Hidden Heterogeneity of Consumers in Advertising Copies for Sustainable Marketing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-20, June.
    13. Swimberghe, Krist & Darrat, Mahmoud A. & Beal, Brent D. & Astakhova, Marina, 2018. "Examining a psychological sense of brand community in elderly consumers," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 171-178.
    14. Andinet Worku Gebreselassie & Roger Bougie, 2024. "The influence of taboo level on emotional versus rational user-generated messages," International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing, Springer;International Association of Public and Non-Profit Marketing, vol. 21(4), pages 999-1025, December.
    15. Rita Ferreira Gomes & Beatriz Casais, 2018. "Feelings generated by threat appeals in social marketing: text and emoji analysis of user reactions to anorexia nervosa campaigns in social media," International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing, Springer;International Association of Public and Non-Profit Marketing, vol. 15(4), pages 591-607, December.
    16. Ivana Kursan Milakovic & Mirela Mihic, 2015. "Predictors And Outcome Of Attitudes Towards Advertising: Demographics, Personal Factors And Wom," Economic Thought and Practice, Department of Economics and Business, University of Dubrovnik, vol. 24(2), pages 409-432, december.
    17. Kuppelwieser, Volker G. & Sarstedt, Marko, 2014. "Exploring the influence of customers' time horizon perspectives on the satisfaction–loyalty link," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 67(12), pages 2620-2627.
    18. Mohadese Ghayoomi Javinani & Shahab Alddin Shokri, 2014. "Role of Psychological Factors on Advertising Effectiveness," International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, vol. 4(10), pages 449-454, October.
    19. Beatriz Casais & João F. Proença, 2022. "The use of positive and negative appeals in social advertising: a content analysis of television ads for preventing HIV/AIDS," International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing, Springer;International Association of Public and Non-Profit Marketing, vol. 19(3), pages 623-647, September.
    20. Adriana Dima & Elena Radu & Ecaterina Milica Dobrota & Adrian Otoiu & Alina Florentina Saracu, 2023. "Sustainable Development of E-commerce in the Post-COVID Times: A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Pestle Factors," The AMFITEATRU ECONOMIC journal, Academy of Economic Studies - Bucharest, Romania, vol. 25(S17), pages 1095-1095, November.
    21. Wei, Yujie & Donthu, Naveen & Bernhardt, Kenneth L., 2013. "Effects of cognitive age, dispositional time perceptions, and time view manipulations on product attribute evaluations," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 66(11), pages 2171-2177.
    22. Matušínská Kateřina & Stoklasa Michal, 2022. "The appeals and level of involvement influencing purchasing decision," Management & Marketing, Sciendo, vol. 17(3), pages 234-254, September.
    23. Kuppelwieser, Volker G. & Sarstedt, Marko & Tuzovic, Sven, 2014. "The role of context and motivation variables in mobile commerce usage — A further perspective on Chong (2013)," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 156-161.

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