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A conversation-based perspective for shaping ethical human–machine interactions: The particular challenge of chatbots

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  • Murtarelli, Grazia
  • Gregory, Anne
  • Romenti, Stefania

Abstract

The use of chatbots to manage online interactions with consumers poses additional ethical challenges linked to the use of artificial intelligence (AI) applications and opens up new ethical avenues for investigation. A literature analysis identifies a research gap regarding the ethical challenges related to chatbots as non-moral and non-independent agents managing non-real conversations with consumers. It raises concerns about the ethical implications related to the progressive automation of online conversational processes and their integration with AI. The conversational approach has been explored in the organisational and management literature, which has analysed the features and roles of conversations in managing interactions ethically. This study aims to discuss conceptually the ethical challenges related to chatbots within the marketplace by integrating the current chatbot-based literature with that on conversation management studies. A new conceptual model is proposed which embraces ethical considerations in the future development of chatbots.

Suggested Citation

  • Murtarelli, Grazia & Gregory, Anne & Romenti, Stefania, 2021. "A conversation-based perspective for shaping ethical human–machine interactions: The particular challenge of chatbots," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 927-935.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jbrese:v:129:y:2021:i:c:p:927-935
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.09.018
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Mariani, Marcello M. & Hashemi, Novin & Wirtz, Jochen, 2023. "Artificial intelligence empowered conversational agents: A systematic literature review and research agenda," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    2. Kull, Alexander J. & Romero, Marisabel & Monahan, Lisa, 2021. "How may I help you? Driving brand engagement through the warmth of an initial chatbot message," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 135(C), pages 840-850.
    3. Baabdullah, Abdullah M. & Alalwan, Ali Abdallah & Algharabat, Raed S. & Metri, Bhimaraya & Rana, Nripendra P., 2022. "Virtual agents and flow experience: An empirical examination of AI-powered chatbots," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 181(C).
    4. Chen, Qian & Gong, Yeming & Lu, Yaobin & Tang, Jing, 2022. "Classifying and measuring the service quality of AI chatbot in frontline service," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 552-568.
    5. Selamat, Moch Akbar & Windasari, Nila Armelia, 2021. "Chatbot for SMEs: Integrating customer and business owner perspectives," Technology in Society, Elsevier, vol. 66(C).
    6. Chaturvedi, Rijul & Verma, Sanjeev & Das, Ronnie & Dwivedi, Yogesh K., 2023. "Social companionship with artificial intelligence: Recent trends and future avenues," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    7. Kamoonpuri, Sana Zehra & Sengar, Anita, 2023. "Hi, May AI help you? An analysis of the barriers impeding the implementation and use of artificial intelligence-enabled virtual assistants in retail," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 72(C).
    8. Mark Anthony Camilleri & Ciro Troise, 2023. "Live support by chatbots with artificial intelligence: A future research agenda," Service Business, Springer;Pan-Pacific Business Association, vol. 17(1), pages 61-80, March.

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