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A Flynn Effect in Khartoum, the Sudanese capital, 2004–2016

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  • Dutton, Edward
  • Bakhiet, Salaheldin Farah Attallah
  • Osman, Habab Abdlahiy
  • Becker, David
  • Essa, Yossry Ahmed Sayed
  • Blahmar, Tahani Abdulrahman Muhammad
  • Lynn, Richard
  • Hakami, Sultan Mohammed

Abstract

Three recent studies have summarized evidence for Negative Flynn Effects (Dutton et al., 2016; Flynn & Shayer, 2018; Woodley of Menie, Peñaherrera-Aguirre, Fernandes, and Figueredo, 2017), that is secular deceases in IQ scores. To develop this important line of research, as many instances of this effect must be reported and understood as possible. Dutton, Bakhiet, Ziada, Essa, and Blahmar (2017) reported, in Intelligence, a Negative Flynn Effect in Khartoum, where education was voluntary for some cohorts. This study reports an increase in IQ, as assessed by the Colored Progressive Matrices, in Khartoum between 2004 and 2016. The increase in IQ amounted to 8 to 13 points, based on assessments of children between the ages of 6 and 9. Thus, the original negative Flynn Effect reflected schooling not being compulsory for some of the earlier sample.

Suggested Citation

  • Dutton, Edward & Bakhiet, Salaheldin Farah Attallah & Osman, Habab Abdlahiy & Becker, David & Essa, Yossry Ahmed Sayed & Blahmar, Tahani Abdulrahman Muhammad & Lynn, Richard & Hakami, Sultan Mohammed, 2018. "A Flynn Effect in Khartoum, the Sudanese capital, 2004–2016," Intelligence, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 82-86.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:intell:v:68:y:2018:i:c:p:82-86
    DOI: 10.1016/j.intell.2018.03.007
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dutton, Edward & Bakhiet, Salaheldin Farah & Ziada, Khaled Elsayed & Essa, Yossry Ahmed Sayed & Blahmar, Tahani Abdulrahman Muhammed, 2017. "A Negative Flynn Effect in Khartoum, the Sudanese capital," Intelligence, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 51-55.
    2. Brunello, Giorgio & Rocco, Lorenzo, 2013. "The effect of immigration on the school performance of natives: Cross country evidence using PISA test scores," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 234-246.
    3. Flynn, James R. & Shayer, Michael, 2018. "IQ decline and Piaget: Does the rot start at the top?," Intelligence, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 112-121.
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    1. Hegelund, Emilie R. & Okholm, Gunhild T. & Teasdale, Thomas W., 2021. "The secular trend of intelligence test scores in the present century: The Danish experience," Intelligence, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).
    2. Meisenberg, Gerhard & Lynn, Richard, 2023. "Ongoing trends of human intelligence," Intelligence, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).

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