IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/insuma/v50y2012i1p57-63.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Optimal reinsurance with positively dependent risks

Author

Listed:
  • Cai, Jun
  • Wei, Wei

Abstract

In the individual risk model, one is often concerned about positively dependent risks. Several notions of positive dependence have been proposed to describe such dependent risks. In this paper, we assume that the risks in the individual risk model are positively dependent through the stochastic ordering (PDS). The PDS risks include independent, comonotonic, conditionally stochastically increasing (CI) risks, and other interesting dependent risks. By proving the convolution preservation of the convex order for PDS random vectors, we show that in individualized reinsurance treaties, to minimize certain risk measures of the retained loss of an insurer, the excess-of-loss treaty is the optimal reinsurance form for an insurer with PDS dependent risks among a general class of individualized reinsurance contracts. This extends the study in Denuit and Vermandele (1998) on individualized reinsurance treaties to dependent risks. We also derive the explicit expressions for the retentions in the optimal excess-of-loss treaty in a two-line insurance business model.

Suggested Citation

  • Cai, Jun & Wei, Wei, 2012. "Optimal reinsurance with positively dependent risks," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(1), pages 57-63.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:insuma:v:50:y:2012:i:1:p:57-63
    DOI: 10.1016/j.insmatheco.2011.10.006
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167668711001120
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.insmatheco.2011.10.006?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Colangelo, Antonio & Hu, Taizhong & Shaked, Moshe, 2008. "Conditional orderings and positive dependence," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 99(3), pages 358-371, March.
    2. Colangelo, Antonio & Scarsini, Marco & Shaked, Moshe, 2005. "Some notions of multivariate positive dependence," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 13-26, August.
    3. Ohlin, Jan, 1969. "On a class of measures of dispersion with application to optimal reinsurance," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 5(2), pages 249-266, May.
    4. Van Heerwaarden, A. E. & Kaas, R. & Goovaerts, M. J., 1989. "Optimal reinsurance in relation to ordering of risks," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 8(1), pages 11-17, March.
    5. Denuit, Michel & Vermandele, Catherine, 1998. "Optimal reinsurance and stop-loss order," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(3), pages 229-233, July.
    6. Block, Henry W. & Savits, Thomas H. & Shaked, Moshe, 1985. "A concept of negative dependence using stochastic ordering," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 3(2), pages 81-86, April.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Nicole Bauerle & Alexander Glauner, 2017. "Optimal Risk Allocation in Reinsurance Networks," Papers 1711.10210, arXiv.org.
    2. Zhu, Yunzhou & Chi, Yichun & Weng, Chengguo, 2014. "Multivariate reinsurance designs for minimizing an insurer’s capital requirement," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 144-155.
    3. Guerra, M. & de Moura, A.B., 2021. "Reinsurance of multiple risks with generic dependence structures," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(PB), pages 547-571.
    4. Ghossoub, Mario & Zhu, Michael B., 2024. "Stackelberg equilibria with multiple policyholders," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 189-201.
    5. Yuan, Yu & Han, Xia & Liang, Zhibin & Yuen, Kam Chuen, 2023. "Optimal reinsurance-investment strategy with thinning dependence and delay factors under mean-variance framework," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 311(2), pages 581-595.
    6. Cheung, K.C. & Chong, W.F. & Yam, S.C.P., 2015. "The optimal insurance under disappointment theories," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 77-90.
    7. Sun, Haoze & Weng, Chengguo & Zhang, Yi, 2017. "Optimal multivariate quota-share reinsurance: A nonparametric mean-CVaR framework," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 197-214.
    8. Hu, Xiang & Yang, Hailiang & Zhang, Lianzeng, 2015. "Optimal retention for a stop-loss reinsurance with incomplete information," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 15-21.
    9. Lu, ZhiYi & Liu, LePing & Zhang, JianYu & Meng, LiLi, 2012. "Optimal insurance under multiple sources of risk with positive dependence," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(2), pages 462-471.
    10. Meng, Hui & Li, Shuanming & Jin, Zhuo, 2015. "A reinsurance game between two insurance companies with nonlinear risk processes," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 91-97.
    11. Asimit, Alexandru V. & Bignozzi, Valeria & Cheung, Ka Chun & Hu, Junlei & Kim, Eun-Seok, 2017. "Robust and Pareto optimality of insurance contracts," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 262(2), pages 720-732.
    12. Liu, Fangda & Cai, Jun & Lemieux, Christiane & Wang, Ruodu, 2020. "Convex risk functionals: Representation and applications," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 66-79.
    13. Ghossoub, Mario, 2019. "Budget-constrained optimal insurance without the nonnegativity constraint on indemnities," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 22-39.
    14. Yichun Chi & Wei Wei, 2020. "Optimal insurance with background risk: An analysis of general dependence structures," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 24(4), pages 903-937, October.
    15. Bäuerle, Nicole & Glauner, Alexander, 2018. "Optimal risk allocation in reinsurance networks," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 37-47.
    16. Cheung, K.C. & Chong, W.F. & Yam, S.C.P., 2015. "Convex ordering for insurance preferences," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 409-416.
    17. Tong Pu & Yifei Zhang & Yiying Zhang, 2024. "On Joint Marginal Expected Shortfall and Associated Contribution Risk Measures," Papers 2405.07549, arXiv.org.
    18. Lu, Zhiyi & Meng, Shengwang & Liu, Leping & Han, Ziqi, 2018. "Optimal insurance design under background risk with dependence," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 15-28.
    19. Meng, Hui & Zhou, Ming & Siu, Tak Kuen, 2016. "Optimal reinsurance policies with two reinsurers in continuous time," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 182-195.
    20. Cai, Jun & Liu, Haiyan & Wang, Ruodu, 2017. "Pareto-optimal reinsurance arrangements under general model settings," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 24-37.
    21. Meng, Hui & Liao, Pu & Siu, Tak Kuen, 2019. "Continuous-time optimal reinsurance strategy with nontrivial curved structures," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 363(C), pages 1-1.
    22. Bernard, Carole & Liu, Fangda & Vanduffel, Steven, 2020. "Optimal insurance in the presence of multiple policyholders," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 180(C), pages 638-656.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lu, Zhiyi & Meng, Shengwang & Liu, Leping & Han, Ziqi, 2018. "Optimal insurance design under background risk with dependence," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 15-28.
    2. Manesh, Sirous Fathi & Khaledi, Baha-Eldin & Dhaene, Jan, 2016. "Optimal allocation of policy deductibles for exchangeable risks," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 87-92.
    3. Asimit, Alexandru V. & Chi, Yichun & Hu, Junlei, 2015. "Optimal non-life reinsurance under Solvency II Regime," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 227-237.
    4. Franco, Manuel & Vivo, Juana-María, 2010. "A multivariate extension of Sarhan and Balakrishnan's bivariate distribution and its ageing and dependence properties," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 101(3), pages 491-499, March.
    5. Kundu, Debasis & Franco, Manuel & Vivo, Juana-Maria, 2014. "Multivariate distributions with proportional reversed hazard marginals," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 77(C), pages 98-112.
    6. Cai, Jun & Wei, Wei, 2012. "On the invariant properties of notions of positive dependence and copulas under increasing transformations," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(1), pages 43-49.
    7. Chi, Yichun & Liu, Fangda, 2017. "Optimal insurance design in the presence of exclusion clauses," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 185-195.
    8. Ori Davidov & Amir Herman, 2011. "Multivariate Stochastic Orders Induced by Case-Control Sampling," Methodology and Computing in Applied Probability, Springer, vol. 13(1), pages 139-154, March.
    9. Ghossoub, Mario, 2019. "Budget-constrained optimal insurance without the nonnegativity constraint on indemnities," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 22-39.
    10. Zhu, Yunzhou & Chi, Yichun & Weng, Chengguo, 2014. "Multivariate reinsurance designs for minimizing an insurer’s capital requirement," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 144-155.
    11. Chi, Yichun & Hu, Tao & Huang, Yuxia, 2023. "Optimal risk management with reinsurance and its counterparty risk hedging," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 274-292.
    12. Chi, Yichun, 2018. "Insurance choice under third degree stochastic dominance," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 198-205.
    13. Kaluszka, Marek, 2004. "An extension of Arrow's result on optimality of a stop loss contract," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 527-536, December.
    14. Gijbels, Irène & Sznajder, Dominik, 2013. "Testing tail monotonicity by constrained copula estimation," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(2), pages 338-351.
    15. Colangelo Antonio, 2005. "Multivariate hazard orderings of discrete random vectors," Economics and Quantitative Methods qf05010, Department of Economics, University of Insubria.
    16. Boonen, Tim J. & Liu, Fangda, 2022. "Insurance with heterogeneous preferences," Journal of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    17. Guerra, Manuel & de Lourdes Centeno, Maria, 2008. "Optimal reinsurance policy: The adjustment coefficient and the expected utility criteria," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 42(2), pages 529-539, April.
    18. Ghossoub, Mario & Zhu, Michael B., 2024. "Stackelberg equilibria with multiple policyholders," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 189-201.
    19. Boonen, Tim J., 2019. "Equilibrium recoveries in insurance markets with limited liability," Journal of Mathematical Economics, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 38-45.
    20. Arnold Polanski & Evarist Stoja & Ching‐Wai (Jeremy) Chiu, 2021. "Tail risk interdependence," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 26(4), pages 5499-5511, October.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    IM30; IM52; IB92; Dependent risk; Positive dependence; PDS; Convex order; Individualized reinsurance treaty; Optimal reinsurance;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C02 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - General - - - Mathematical Economics
    • C60 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - General

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:insuma:v:50:y:2012:i:1:p:57-63. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/inca/505554 .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.