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The effect of collateral on small business rationing of term loans and lines of credit

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  • Cole, Rebel A.
  • Cowling, Marc
  • Liu, Weixi

Abstract

Theories of loan contracting in the presence of asymmetric information highlight the key role of collateral in mitigating against credit rationing. However, theory also allows for the use of collateral by ‘bad’ borrowers in order to receive better loan contract offers. In this study, we explore the extent to which collateral can affect the incidence of absolute loan denial and partial rationing associated with smaller loans than requested being offered. Using data from a large survey of UK small- and-medium enterprises, we find significant evidence on the negative effect of collateral. Our results also reveal important distinction between lines of credit and term loans, where the presence of collateral is associated with 3 % less term loan approved compared to overdraft. We argue that even the request (or offer) of collateral for a term loan indicates that either the bank or the firm believes it is a risky bet.

Suggested Citation

  • Cole, Rebel A. & Cowling, Marc & Liu, Weixi, 2024. "The effect of collateral on small business rationing of term loans and lines of credit," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finsta:v:74:y:2024:i:c:s1572308924001050
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jfs.2024.101320
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Collateral; SME lending; Lines of credit; Term loans; Credit rationing; Entrepreneurship;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies
    • H8 - Public Economics - - Miscellaneous Issues

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