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CO2-emissions reduction potential and costs of a decentralized energy system for providing electricity, cooling and heating in an office-building in Tokyo

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  • Weber, Céline
  • Koyama, Michihisa
  • Kraines, Steven

Abstract

Decentralized energy systems are thought to have great potential for supplying electricity, cooling, and heating to buildings. A decentralized system combining a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) with an absorption chiller-heater (ACH) is proposed. The CO2-emissions and costs of using different configurations of this SOFC-based system to provide an office building in Tokyo with electricity, cooling and heating are calculated by using an SOFC-model and an absorption-chiller model together with data for cooling and heating loads measured at an office building in downtown Tokyo. The results are compared with the CO2-emissions and costs of a conventional system that obtains the base electricity requirements as well as electricity for an electric chiller–heater system from the central power grid. The fully decentralized SOFC-based energy system could result in a potential CO2 reduction of over 30% at an estimated cost increase of about 70% compared to the conventional system.

Suggested Citation

  • Weber, Céline & Koyama, Michihisa & Kraines, Steven, 2006. "CO2-emissions reduction potential and costs of a decentralized energy system for providing electricity, cooling and heating in an office-building in Tokyo," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(14), pages 3041-3061.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:31:y:2006:i:14:p:3041-3061
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2005.12.003
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    1. Liu, Mingxi & Shi, Yang & Fang, Fang, 2014. "Combined cooling, heating and power systems: A survey," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 35(C), pages 1-22.
    2. Yanık, Seda & Sürer, Özge & Öztayşi, Başar, 2016. "Designing sustainable energy regions using genetic algorithms and location-allocation approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 161-172.
    3. Sadeghi, Mohsen & Chitsaz, Ata & Mahmoudi, S.M.S. & Rosen, Marc A., 2015. "Thermoeconomic optimization using an evolutionary algorithm of a trigeneration system driven by a solid oxide fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 191-204.
    4. Aprea, C. & Greco, A. & Maiorino, A., 2012. "An experimental evaluation of the greenhouse effect in the substitution of R134a with CO2," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 45(1), pages 753-761.
    5. Vefago, Luiz H. Maccarini & Avellaneda, Jaume, 2013. "Recycling concepts and the index of recyclability for building materials," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 127-135.
    6. Radhi, H., 2010. "On the optimal selection of wall cladding system to reduce direct and indirect CO2 emissions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 1412-1424.
    7. Tsai, Wen-Hsien & Lin, Sin-Jin & Liu, Jau-Yang & Lin, Wan-Rung & Lee, Kuen-Chang, 2011. "Incorporating life cycle assessments into building project decision-making: An energy consumption and CO2 emission perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 3022-3029.
    8. Jradi, M. & Riffat, S., 2014. "Tri-generation systems: Energy policies, prime movers, cooling technologies, configurations and operation strategies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 396-415.
    9. Alexandros Arsalis & George E. Georghiou, 2018. "A Decentralized, Hybrid Photovoltaic-Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System for Application to a Commercial Building," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-20, December.
    10. Zhu, L. & Hurt, R. & Correa, D. & Boehm, R., 2009. "Comprehensive energy and economic analyses on a zero energy house versus a conventional house," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(9), pages 1043-1053.
    11. Aprea, Ciro & Maiorino, Angelo, 2011. "An experimental investigation of the global environmental impact of the R22 retrofit with R422D," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 1161-1170.
    12. Fong, K.F. & Lee, C.K., 2014. "Investigation on zero grid-electricity design strategies of solid oxide fuel cell trigeneration system for high-rise building in hot and humid climate," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 426-433.
    13. David Grosspietsch & Marissa Saenger & Bastien Girod, 2019. "Matching decentralized energy production and local consumption: A review of renewable energy systems with conversion and storage technologies," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 8(4), July.

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