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Decoding the performance of a blend of metal-oxide nanoparticles in Eichhornia crassipes biodiesel at varying injection timing through the routes of thermodynamic analysis and statistical optimization

Author

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  • Jain, Akshay
  • Bora, Bhaskor Jyoti
  • Kumar, Rakesh
  • Sharma, Prabhakar
  • Paramasivam, Prabhu
  • Ağbulut, Ümit

Abstract

Biodiesel, known for its large cetane number, low pour point, and lower aromatics and sulfur content, has appeared as a promising alternative to diesel. This study focuses on testing the biodiesel extracted from Eichhornia Crassipes with TiO2 nanoparticles at 150 ppm concentration in a diesel engine. The experiment involved varying injection timings (ITs) of the biodiesel and nanoparticle blend, with three ITs of 20, 23, 25 and 28⁰bTDC, and a standard IT of 23⁰bTDC for diesel. The engine was tested at five different engine loads, ranging from 20 % to 100 %, with an increment of 20 % after each step. The experimentation was conducted at a constant an engine speed of 1500 rpm and a compression ratio of 17.5. The result showed an enhanced performance and a decreased emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons for 20⁰bTDC of biodiesel and nanoparticle blend. However, the emission of nitrogen oxides increased for the same blend and IT of 20⁰bTDC. The study suggests that using a 150 ppm concentration of TiO2 nanoparticles in Eichhornia Crassipes biodiesel could be an alternative to diesel for diesel engines when IT is set at 20⁰bTDC. Further, the statistical optimization using RSM suggests that the engine load around 61 % and IT of 20 ⁰bTDC gives optimum values of response variables.

Suggested Citation

  • Jain, Akshay & Bora, Bhaskor Jyoti & Kumar, Rakesh & Sharma, Prabhakar & Paramasivam, Prabhu & Ağbulut, Ümit, 2024. "Decoding the performance of a blend of metal-oxide nanoparticles in Eichhornia crassipes biodiesel at varying injection timing through the routes of thermodynamic analysis and statistical optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 311(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:311:y:2024:i:c:s0360544224031438
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2024.133367
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