Integrating blockchain and strategic alliance in renewable energy supply chain toward sustainability: A comparative decision framework under uncertainty

Renewable energy development is important in the current era due to the attention paid to environmental issues and energy demand growth. On the other hand, the growth and expansion of the use of RE requires cooperation and participation in the Renewable Energy Supply Chain (RESC). The strategic alliance between the parties involved in the field of RE can play an important role in reducing risk and significant growth in RESC. Also, due to various capabilities such as transparency, traceability, decentralization, security, and immutability of information, blockchain plays an important role in improving trust and strengthening cooperation in strategic alliances between partners in RESC. Therefore, this study proposes a decision-making framework under uncertainty for integrating blockchain and strategic alliance in RESC. The proposed framework involves the CRiteria Importance Through Intercriteria Correlation (CRITIC) and Fuzzy Combined Compromise Solution (F-CoCoSo) techniques. Also, validation and sensitivity analysis are performed using several fuzzy decision-making techniques. The findings indicated that matching energy supply and demand through information sharing on the blockchain platform and cooperating with companies in the RESC was recognized as the most important solution.