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Investigation of flow and viscosity characteristics of hydrate slurries within a visual-loop system

Author

Listed:
  • Liu, Zaixing
  • Ma, Shihui
  • Wu, Zhaoran
  • Liu, Zheyuan
  • Wang, Jiguang
  • Lang, Chen
  • Li, Yanghui

Abstract

With the gradual advancement of oil and gas exploration into deep offshore, the hydrate blockage has emerged as a critical concern for the flow assurance. We conducted constant-velocity hydrate formation and variable-velocity rheology experiments with a novel visual-loop to analyze slurry flow and viscosity change in pipelines. Results showed staged pressure variations during hydrate formation-aggregation-deposition process, and it could be analyzed judiciously with a developed viscosity model. Initially, hydrates dispersed as small flocculent particles with minor aggregation, gradually raising differential pressure, and the critical viscosity model parameter, hydrate aggregation rate (m) was <1. Subsequently, particle aggregation and wall adhesion dominated, resulting in reduced hydrate flow volume and possible blockage of special pipelines (e.g., dead-leg), with m-values >1. Finally, as hydrate growth continued, substantial adhesion to the pipeline reduced flow diameter, significantly increasing blockage risk. However, the addition of sufficient surface-active ingredients improved hydrate dispersibility and enabled the slurry to maintain the first stage, exhibiting long-term stability with an m-value <1. Additionally, the apparent viscosity of the hydrate slurry within the pipeline was accurately determined utilizing a novel approach, accounting for its yield-pseudoplastic behavior. The calculated viscosities closely matched post-sampling rheometer measurements, and were effectively predicted by the developed viscosity model.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Zaixing & Ma, Shihui & Wu, Zhaoran & Liu, Zheyuan & Wang, Jiguang & Lang, Chen & Li, Yanghui, 2024. "Investigation of flow and viscosity characteristics of hydrate slurries within a visual-loop system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:289:y:2024:i:c:s0360544223033236
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2023.129929
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wang, Haijun & Liu, Weiguo & Wu, Peng & Pan, Xuelian & You, Zeshao & Lu, Jingsheng & Li, Yanghui, 2023. "Gas recovery from marine hydrate reservoir: Experimental investigation on gas flow patterns considering pressure effect," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 275(C).
    2. Bai, Yajie & Clarke, Matthew A. & Hou, Jian & Liu, Yongge & Lu, Nu & Zhao, Ermeng & Xu, Hongzhi & Chen, Litao & Guo, Tiankui, 2023. "Study on improved efficiency of induced fracture in gas hydrate reservoir depressurization development," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    3. Liu, Jia & Lin, Decai & Liang, Deqing & Li, Junhui & Song, Zhiguang, 2023. "Effect of cocoamidopropyl betaine on CH4 hydrate formation and agglomeration in waxy oil-water systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
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    5. Chami, Nada & Salehy, Yasmine & Burgner, Dennis & Clain, Pascal & Dalmazzone, Didier & Delahaye, Anthony & Fournaison, Laurence, 2023. "Rheological study of mixed cyclopentane + CO2 hydrate slurry in a dynamic loop for refrigeration systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PA).
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