IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v278y2023ipas0360544223012872.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Can water conservation and energy conservation be promoted simultaneously in China?

Author

Listed:
  • Shen, Jijie
  • Yi, Peng
  • Zhang, Xumin
  • Yang, Yuantao
  • Fang, Jinzhu
  • Chi, Yuanying

Abstract

Understanding the water-energy (WE) nexus is crucial for addressing water scarcity and high energy consumption issues in China. However, few studies have analyzed the WE nexus and the drivers of the spatiotemporal changes. To fill in this gap, we quantified the provincial energy, water-related energy, water, and energy-related water footprints (EF, EFwat, WF, and WFene, respectively) in China during 2002–2017 based on a multiregional input-output model, and analyzed the drivers underlying their changes. Results showed that Agriculture, Manufacturing, and Energy supply were dominant sectors in the WE nexus, showing 371.9 billion m3 (bm3) of WF, 16.3 trillion kWh (TkWh) of EF, and 0.2 TkWh of EFwat on average, respectively. Structural adjustment and key technological advances reduced WF by 272.6 and 265.4 bm3, and EF by 4.3 and 2.8 TkWh, respectively, but they resulted in −0.1 and −0.023 TkWh of WFene, and −2.3 and 10.2 bm3 of EFwat, respectively. Final demand and resource consumption intensity effects were respectively the main accelerator and suppressor of resource footprints during 2002–2017. Upgrading industrial chains and phasing out backward production capacity could promote water and energy conservation simultaneously. This study provides a scientific basis for comprehensive policymaking toward sustainable water and energy management.

Suggested Citation

  • Shen, Jijie & Yi, Peng & Zhang, Xumin & Yang, Yuantao & Fang, Jinzhu & Chi, Yuanying, 2023. "Can water conservation and energy conservation be promoted simultaneously in China?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PA).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:278:y:2023:i:pa:s0360544223012872
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2023.127893
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544223012872
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2023.127893?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chen, Pi-Cheng & Alvarado, Valeria & Hsu, Shu-Chien, 2018. "Water energy nexus in city and hinterlands: Multi-regional physical input-output analysis for Hong Kong and South China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 986-997.
    2. Wang, Saige & Fath, Brian & Chen, Bin, 2019. "Energy–water nexus under energy mix scenarios using input–output and ecological network analyses," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 233, pages 827-839.
    3. Usubiaga-Liaño, Arkaitz & Arto, Iñaki & Acosta-Fernández, José, 2021. "Double accounting in energy footprint and related assessments: How common is it and what are the consequences?," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C).
    4. Lee, Mengshan & Keller, Arturo A. & Chiang, Pen-Chi & Den, Walter & Wang, Hongtao & Hou, Chia-Hung & Wu, Jiang & Wang, Xin & Yan, Jinyue, 2017. "Water-energy nexus for urban water systems: A comparative review on energy intensity and environmental impacts in relation to global water risks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 589-601.
    5. Wang, Saige & Cao, Tao & Chen, Bin, 2017. "Urban energy–water nexus based on modified input–output analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 208-217.
    6. Zhu, Xiaojie & Guo, Ruipeng & Chen, Bin & Zhang, Jing & Hayat, Tasawar & Alsaedi, Ahmed, 2015. "Embodiment of virtual water of power generation in the electric power system in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 345-354.
    7. Zhifu Mi & Jing Meng & Dabo Guan & Yuli Shan & Malin Song & Yi-Ming Wei & Zhu Liu & Klaus Hubacek, 2017. "Chinese CO2 emission flows have reversed since the global financial crisis," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 8(1), pages 1-10, December.
    8. Fan, Xiaojia & Wu, Sanmang & Li, Shantong, 2019. "Spatial-temporal analysis of carbon emissions embodied in interprovincial trade and optimization strategies: A case study of Hebei, China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 1235-1249.
    9. Xi Li & Jie Liu & Chunmiao Zheng & Guoyi Han & Holger Hoff, 2016. "Energy for water utilization in China and policy implications for integrated planning," International Journal of Water Resources Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 32(3), pages 477-494, May.
    10. Lu, Hongwei & Tian, Peipei & Guan, Yanlong & Yu, Sen, 2019. "Integrated suitability, vulnerability and sustainability indicators for assessing the global potential of aquifer thermal energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C), pages 747-756.
    11. Siddiqi, Afreen & Anadon, Laura Diaz, 2011. "The water-energy nexus in Middle East and North Africa," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(8), pages 4529-4540, August.
    12. Guan, Shihui & Han, Mengyao & Wu, Xiaofang & Guan, ChengHe & Zhang, Bo, 2019. "Exploring energy-water-land nexus in national supply chains: China 2012," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 1225-1234.
    13. Nair, Sudeep & George, Biju & Malano, Hector M. & Arora, Meenakshi & Nawarathna, Bandara, 2014. "Water–energy–greenhouse gas nexus of urban water systems: Review of concepts, state-of-art and methods," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 1-10.
    14. Feng, Kuishuang & Hubacek, Klaus & Siu, Yim Ling & Li, Xin, 2014. "The energy and water nexus in Chinese electricity production: A hybrid life cycle analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 39(C), pages 342-355.
    15. Duan, Cuncun & Chen, Bin, 2017. "Energy–water nexus of international energy trade of China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 725-734.
    16. Li, Xian & Yang, Lili & Zheng, Heran & Shan, Yuli & Zhang, Zongyong & Song, Malin & Cai, Bofeng & Guan, Dabo, 2019. "City-level water-energy nexus in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 827-834.
    17. Ozturk, Murat & Bezir, Nalan Cicek & Ozek, Nuri, 2009. "Hydropower-water and renewable energy in Turkey: Sources and policy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 13(3), pages 605-615, April.
    18. Wang, Saige & Chen, Bin, 2021. "Unraveling energy–water nexus paths in urban agglomeration: A case study of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    19. Ramos, Carmen & García, Ana Salomé & Moreno, Blanca & Díaz, Guzmán, 2019. "Small-scale renewable power technologies are an alternative to reach a sustainable economic growth: Evidence from Spain," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 13-25.
    20. Shan, Yuli & Liu, Jianghua & Liu, Zhu & Xu, Xinwanghao & Shao, Shuai & Wang, Peng & Guan, Dabo, 2016. "New provincial CO2 emission inventories in China based on apparent energy consumption data and updated emission factors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 742-750.
    21. Wang, Xue-Chao & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír & Ouyang, Xiao & Xu, Zihan & Fan, Weiguo & Wei, Hejie & Song, Weize, 2021. "Regional embodied Water-Energy-Carbon efficiency of China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    22. Gude, Veera Gnaneswar, 2015. "Energy and water autarky of wastewater treatment and power generation systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 52-68.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Xu, Zhongwen & Tan, Shiqi & Yao, Liming & Lv, Chengwei, 2024. "Exploring water-saving potentials of US electric power transition while thirsting for carbon neutrality," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ding, Tao & Liang, Liang & Zhou, Kaile & Yang, Min & Wei, Yuqi, 2020. "Water-energy nexus: The origin, development and prospect," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 419(C).
    2. Liu, Yitong & Chen, Bin & Wei, Wendong & Shao, Ling & Li, Zhi & Jiang, Weizhong & Chen, Guoqian, 2020. "Global water use associated with energy supply, demand and international trade of China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    3. Jinyoung Lee & Hana Kim, 2021. "Regional dimensions of the South Korean water-energy nexus," Energy & Environment, , vol. 32(4), pages 722-736, June.
    4. Sharifzadeh, Mahdi & Hien, Raymond Khoo Teck & Shah, Nilay, 2019. "China’s roadmap to low-carbon electricity and water: Disentangling greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from electricity-water nexus via renewable wind and solar power generation, and carbon capture and sto," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C), pages 31-42.
    5. Hou, Juan-Juan & Wang, Zhen & Zhang, Jiu-Tian & Yu, Shi-Wei & Liu, Lan-Cui, 2022. "Revealing energy and water hidden in Chinese regional critical carbon supply chains," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 165(C).
    6. Zhang, Yiyi & Fang, Jiake & Wang, Saige & Yao, Huilu, 2020. "Energy-water nexus in electricity trade network: A case study of interprovincial electricity trade in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    7. Hao Li & Yuhuan Zhao & Jiang Lin, 2020. "A review of the energy–carbon–water nexus: Concepts, research focuses, mechanisms, and methodologies," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Energy and Environment, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 9(1), January.
    8. Xiao, Zhengyan & Yao, Meiqin & Tang, Xiaotong & Sun, Luxi, 2019. "Identifying critical supply chains: An input-output analysis for Food-Energy-Water Nexus in China," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 392(C), pages 31-37.
    9. Soprani, Stefano & Marongiu, Fabrizio & Christensen, Ludvig & Alm, Ole & Petersen, Kenni Dinesen & Ulrich, Thomas & Engelbrecht, Kurt, 2019. "Design and testing of a horizontal rock bed for high temperature thermal energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C), pages 1-1.
    10. Yan, Xia & Jie, Wu & Minjun, Shi & Shouyang, Wang & Zhuoying, Zhang, 2022. "China's regional imbalance in electricity demand, power and water pricing - From the perspective of electricity-related virtual water transmission," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    11. Zhou, Yuanchun & Ma, Mengdie & Gao, Peiqi & Xu, Qiming & Bi, Jun & Naren, Tuya, 2019. "Managing water resources from the energy - water nexus perspective under a changing climate: A case study of Jiangsu province, China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 126(C), pages 380-390.
    12. Ana Luiza Fontenelle & Erik Nilsson & Ieda Geriberto Hidalgo & Cintia B. Uvo & Drielli Peyerl, 2022. "Temporal Understanding of the Water–Energy Nexus: A Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-21, April.
    13. Nawab, Asim & Liu, Gengyuan & Meng, Fanxin & Hao, Yan & Zhang, Yan, 2019. "Urban energy-water nexus: Spatial and inter-sectoral analysis in a multi-scale economy," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 403(C), pages 44-56.
    14. Zhang, Wei & Valencia, Andrea & Gu, Lixing & Zheng, Qipeng P. & Chang, Ni-Bin, 2020. "Integrating emerging and existing renewable energy technologies into a community-scale microgrid in an energy-water nexus for resilience improvement," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    15. Jin, Yi & Tang, Xu & Feng, Cuiyang & Höök, Mikael, 2017. "Energy and water conservation synergy in China: 2007–2012," Resources, Conservation & Recycling, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 206-215.
    16. Ahmad, Shakeel & Jia, Haifeng & Chen, Zhengxia & Li, Qian & Xu, Changqing, 2020. "Water-energy nexus and energy efficiency: A systematic analysis of urban water systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    17. Molinos-Senante, María & Sala-Garrido, Ramón, 2018. "Evaluation of energy performance of drinking water treatment plants: Use of energy intensity and energy efficiency metrics," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 229(C), pages 1095-1102.
    18. Wang, Saige & Chen, Bin, 2021. "Unraveling energy–water nexus paths in urban agglomeration: A case study of Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    19. Ju, Yiyi & Fujikawa, Kiyoshi, 2019. "Modeling the cost transmission mechanism of the emission trading scheme in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C), pages 172-182.
    20. Duan, Cuncun & Chen, Bin, 2020. "Driving factors of water-energy nexus in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:278:y:2023:i:pa:s0360544223012872. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.