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A comparative study of NOx mitigating techniques EGR and spark delay on combustion and NOx emission of ammonia/hydrogen and hydrogen fuelled SI engine

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  • Pandey, Jayashish Kumar
  • Dinesh, M.H.
  • Kumar, G.N.

Abstract

IC engines, the backbone of the transportation sector is facing energy insecurity and stringent environmental norms motivating researchers to look for alternate ways of revival. In pursuit hydrogen and its careers are seen as promising option. Aiming the same comparative-study is performed on NH3/H2 (7:3) and hydrogen under varying ignition (from −24°CA to −12°CA) and EGR rates (till 25%). Results indicate improved combustion for NH3/H2 for a small range of ignition than hydrogen, ∂P/∂θ and ∂Q/∂θ is improved before TDC and deteriorates after it. Cycle-by-cycle variations increase for a longer ignition range for NH3/H2, but NOx drops more rapidly. At −24°CA, NH3/H2 has observed a minimal gap in peak pressure, CoV and performance from hydrogen. Though a small EGR helps reduce NOx, cycle-by-cycle variations and CA90 reduce due to improved combustion for NH3/H2. ∂P/∂θ and ∂Q/∂θ improve for the same range too. However, hydrogen suffers adverse effects due to EGR that intensify with increasing EGR-rate. At higher EGR, unstable combustion and heterogeneity prevail, resulting in increased cycle-by-cycle variations and a rapid drop in peak pressure. The prolonged combustion witnesses a massive decline in NOx for both fuels; however, the gap between NH3/H2 and hydrogen entities reduces. NH3/H2 shows better efficiency than hydrogen for an efficient NOx control. However, higher fuel NOx maintains a significant difference for NH3/H2 than hydrogen. The study limits quantitative analysis of it and also NH3 emissions, which is another primary concern.

Suggested Citation

  • Pandey, Jayashish Kumar & Dinesh, M.H. & Kumar, G.N., 2023. "A comparative study of NOx mitigating techniques EGR and spark delay on combustion and NOx emission of ammonia/hydrogen and hydrogen fuelled SI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 276(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:276:y:2023:i:c:s0360544223010058
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2023.127611
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dinesh, M.H. & Pandey, Jayashish Kumar & Kumar, G.N., 2022. "Effect of parallel LPG fuelling in a methanol fuelled SI engine under variable compression ratio," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PC).
    2. Qianqian Li & Wu Jin & Zuohua Huang, 2016. "Laminar Flame Characteristics of C1–C5 Primary Alcohol-Isooctane Blends at Elevated Temperature," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-17, June.
    3. Pandey, Jayashish Kumar & Kumar, G.N., 2022. "Effect of variable compression ratio and equivalence ratio on performance, combustion and emission of hydrogen port injection SI engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PE).
    4. Pandey, Jayashish Kumar & Kumar, G.N., 2022. "Effects of hydrogen assisted combustion of EBNOL IN SI engines under variable compression ratio and ignition timing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 246(C).
    5. Hurtubia, Byron & Sauma, Enzo, 2021. "Economic and environmental analysis of hydrogen production when complementing renewable energy generation with grid electricity," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
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    1. Zhang, Tianyue & Ji, Changwei & Wang, Zhe & Wang, Shuofeng & Yang, Haowen & Wang, Huaiyu & Jiang, Nan, 2024. "Experimental investigation on the combustion characteristics of ultra-lean premixed hydrogen/air using turbulent jet ignition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    2. Jinyi Hu & Yongbao Liu & Xing He & Jianfeng Zhao & Shaojun Xia, 2024. "Application of NH 3 Fuel in Power Equipment and Its Impact on NO x Emissions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-39, June.

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