IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v254y2022ipas0360544222011203.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Convergence in energy intensity of GDP: Evidence from West African countries

Author

Listed:
  • Bello, Mufutau Opeyemi
  • Ch'ng, Kean Siang

Abstract

As convergence in energy-related series has implications for sustainable energy consumption, researchers in the field of energy economics are interested in investigating the stochastic nature of energy-related series, including the energy intensity of GDP. However, there is a limited focus on West Africa which is a major economic block within the African continent. This study thus contributes to the extant literature by investigating the convergence of energy intensity of GDP amongst the 15-member countries of the ECOWAS. Using time-series data from 1988 to 2019, the sigma, beta as well stochastic convergence tests were conducted. Overall, results show that the energy intensity of GDP converges for the majority of the West-African countries. In this regard, regionally coordinated energy policies will improve energy efficiency and promote sustainable energy consumption more than the national energy policy of individual West-African countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Bello, Mufutau Opeyemi & Ch'ng, Kean Siang, 2022. "Convergence in energy intensity of GDP: Evidence from West African countries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PA).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:254:y:2022:i:pa:s0360544222011203
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.124217
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544222011203
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2022.124217?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mohammadi, Hassan & Ram, Rati, 2017. "Convergence in energy consumption per capita across the US states, 1970–2013: An exploration through selected parametric and non-parametric methods," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 404-410.
    2. Herrerias, M.J. & Aller, Carlos & Ordóñez, Javier, 2017. "Residential energy consumption: A convergence analysis across Chinese regions," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 371-381.
    3. Kounetas, Konstantinos Elias, 2018. "Energy consumption and CO2 emissions convergence in European Union member countries. A tonneau des Danaides?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 111-127.
    4. Zsuzsanna Csereklyei, M. d. Mar Rubio-Varas, and David I. Stern, 2016. "Energy and Economic Growth: The Stylized Facts," The Energy Journal, International Association for Energy Economics, vol. 0(Number 2).
    5. Fallahi, Firouz & Voia, Marcel-Cristian, 2015. "Convergence and persistence in per capita energy use among OECD countries: Revisited using confidence intervals," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(PA), pages 246-253.
    6. Liddle, Brantley, 2009. "Electricity intensity convergence in IEA/OECD countries: Aggregate and sectoral analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 37(4), pages 1470-1478, April.
    7. repec:dau:papers:123456789/6801 is not listed on IDEAS
    8. Mishra, Vinod & Smyth, Russell, 2017. "Conditional convergence in Australia's energy consumption at the sector level," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 396-403.
    9. Mishra, Vinod & Smyth, Russell, 2014. "Convergence in energy consumption per capita among ASEAN countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 180-185.
    10. Wesley Burnett, J. & Madariaga, Jessica, 2017. "The convergence of U.S. state-level energy intensity," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 357-370.
    11. Joseph E. Aldy, 2007. "Divergence in State-Level Per Capita Carbon Dioxide Emissions," Land Economics, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 83(3), pages 353-369.
    12. Le Pen, Yannick & Sévi, Benoît, 2010. "On the non-convergence of energy intensities: Evidence from a pair-wise econometric approach," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(3), pages 641-650, January.
    13. Lei Pan & Svetlana Maslyuk-Escobedo, 2019. "Stochastic convergence in per capita energy consumption and its catch-up rate: evidence from 26 African countries," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 51(24), pages 2566-2590, May.
    14. Liddle, Brantley, 2010. "Revisiting world energy intensity convergence for regional differences," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(10), pages 3218-3225, October.
    15. Hao, Yu & Peng, Hui, 2017. "On the convergence in China's provincial per capita energy consumption: New evidence from a spatial econometric analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 31-43.
    16. Michael L. Nieswiadomy & Mark C. Strazicich, 2004. "Are Political Freedoms Converging?," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 42(2), pages 323-340, April.
    17. Jiang, Lei & Folmer, Henk & Ji, Minhe & Zhou, P., 2018. "Revisiting cross-province energy intensity convergence in China: A spatial panel analysis," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C), pages 252-263.
    18. Junsoo Lee & Mark C. Strazicich & Ming Meng, 2012. "Two-Step LM Unit Root Tests with Trend-Breaks," Journal of Statistical and Econometric Methods, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 1(2), pages 1-8.
    19. Anton Eberhard & Orvika Rosnes & Maria Shkaratan & Haakon Vennemo, 2011. "Africa's Power Infrastructure : Investment, Integration, Efficiency," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 2290.
    20. Herrerias, M.J. & Liu, G., 2013. "Electricity intensity across Chinese provinces: New evidence on convergence and threshold effects," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 268-276.
    21. Akram, Vaseem & Rath, Badri Narayan & Sahoo, Pradipta Kumar, 2020. "Stochastic conditional convergence in per capita energy consumption in India," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 224-240.
    22. Liddle, Brantley, 2012. "OECD Energy Intensity: Measures, Trends, and Convergence," MPRA Paper 52085, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    23. Mohammadi, Hassan & Ram, Rati, 2012. "Cross-country convergence in energy and electricity consumption, 1971–2007," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(6), pages 1882-1887.
    24. Emmanuel Anoruo & William R. DiPietro, 2014. "Convergence in Per Capita Energy Consumption among African Countries: Evidence from Sequential Panel Selection Method," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 4(4), pages 568-577.
    25. Fallahi, Firouz, 2017. "Stochastic convergence in per capita energy use in world," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 228-239.
    26. Meng, Ming & Payne, James E. & Lee, Junsoo, 2013. "Convergence in per capita energy use among OECD countries," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 536-545.
    27. Vishal Chandr Jaunky, 2008. "Divergence in Per Capita Electric Power Consumption: An African Perspective," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 8(2), pages 137-150.
    28. John Dawson & Mark Strazicich, 2010. "Time-series tests of income convergence with two structural breaks: evidence from 29 countries," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(9), pages 909-912.
    29. Payne, James E. & Vizek, Maruška & Lee, Junsoo, 2017. "Stochastic convergence in per capita fossil fuel consumption in U.S. states," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 382-395.
    30. Le, Thai-Ha & Chang, Youngho & Park, Donghyun, 2017. "Energy demand convergence in APEC: An empirical analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 32-41.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Luo, Yusen & Lu, Zhengnan & Wu, Chao, 2023. "Can internet development accelerate the green innovation efficiency convergence: Evidence from China," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 189(C).
    2. Salman, Muhammad & Zha, Donglan & Wang, Guimei, 2022. "Assessment of energy poverty convergence: A global analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    3. Huang, Junbing & Lian, Shijia & Qu, Ran & Luan, Bingjiang & Wang, Yajun, 2023. "Investigating the role of enterprises' property rights in China's provincial industrial energy intensity," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    4. Bello, Mufutau Opeyemi & Solarin, Sakiru Adebola & Ch'ng, Kean Siang, 2024. "Is the renewable energy intensity convergent in OECD countries? Insights from novel unit root tests with factors and structural breaks," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 230(C).
    5. Yevheniia Ziabina & Aleksy Kwilinski & Oleksii Lyulyov & Tetyana Pimonenko & Yana Us, 2023. "Convergence of Energy Policies between the EU and Ukraine under the Green Deal Policy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(2), pages 1-19, January.
    6. Soytas, Ugur & Magazzino, Cosimo & Mele, Marco & Schneider, Nicolas, 2022. "Economic and environmental implications of the nuclear power phase-out in Belgium: Insights from time-series models and a partial differential equations algorithm," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 241-256.
    7. Pinar, Mehmet, 2024. "Convergence in renewable energy innovation and factors influencing convergence club formation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 220(C).
    8. Zuzanna Kłos-Adamkiewicz & Elżbieta Szaruga & Agnieszka Gozdek & Magdalena Kogut-Jaworska, 2023. "Links between the Energy Intensity of Public Urban Transport, Regional Economic Growth and Urbanisation: The Case of Poland," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-25, April.
    9. Elżbieta Szaruga & Elżbieta Załoga & Arkadiusz Drewnowski & Paulina Dąbrosz-Drewnowska, 2023. "Convergence of Energy Intensity of the Export of Goods by Rail Transport: Linkages with the Spatial Integration and Economic Condition of Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-24, April.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ivanovski, Kris & Awaworyi Churchill, Sefa & Smyth, Russell, 2018. "A club convergence analysis of per capita energy consumption across Australian regions and sectors," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 519-531.
    2. Liu, Tie-Ying & Lee, Chien-Chiang, 2020. "Convergence of the world’s energy use," Resource and Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    3. Fallahi, Firouz, 2017. "Stochastic convergence in per capita energy use in world," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 228-239.
    4. Romero-Ávila, Diego & Omay, Tolga, 2022. "Convergence of per capita energy consumption around the world: New evidence from nonlinear panel unit root tests," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 111(C).
    5. Payne, James E. & Vizek, Maruška & Lee, Junsoo, 2017. "Is there convergence in per capita renewable energy consumption across U.S. States? Evidence from LM and RALS-LM unit root tests with breaks," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 715-728.
    6. Payne, James E. & Vizek, Maruška & Lee, Junsoo, 2017. "Stochastic convergence in per capita fossil fuel consumption in U.S. states," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 382-395.
    7. Ahmed Qahtan, Anwar Saeed & Xu, Helian & Abdo, AL-Barakani, 2021. "Stochastic convergence of disaggregated energy consumption per capita and its catch-up rate: An independent analysis of MENA net oil-exporting and importing countries," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    8. Chao Bao & Hongjie Wang, 2019. "Trans-Provincial Convergence of per Capita Energy Consumption in Urban China, 1990–2015," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-15, March.
    9. Bhattacharya, Mita & Inekwe, John Nkwoma & Sadorsky, Perry & Saha, Anjan, 2018. "Convergence of energy productivity across Indian states and territories," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 427-440.
    10. Mishra, Vinod & Smyth, Russell, 2017. "Conditional convergence in Australia's energy consumption at the sector level," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 396-403.
    11. Cheong, Tsun Se & Li, Victor Jing & Shi, Xunpeng, 2019. "Regional disparity and convergence of electricity consumption in China: A distribution dynamics approach," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    12. Akram, Vaseem & Rath, Badri Narayan & Sahoo, Pradipta Kumar, 2020. "Stochastic conditional convergence in per capita energy consumption in India," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 224-240.
    13. Shi, Xunpeng & Yu, Jian & Cheong, Tsun Se, 2020. "Convergence and distribution dynamics of energy consumption among China's households," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C).
    14. Simionescu, Mihaela, 2022. "Stochastic convergence in per capita energy use in the EU-15 countries. The role of economic growth," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 322(C).
    15. Lei Pan & Svetlana Maslyuk-Escobedo, 2017. "Stochastic convergence in per capita energy consumption and its catch-up rate: Evidence from 26 African countries," Monash Economics Working Papers 16-17, Monash University, Department of Economics.
    16. Wang, Na & Fu, Xiaodong & Wang, Shaobin & Yang, Hao & Li, Zhen, 2022. "Convergence characteristics and distribution patterns of residential electricity consumption in China: An urban-rural gap perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
    17. Salman, Muhammad & Zha, Donglan & Wang, Guimei, 2022. "Assessment of energy poverty convergence: A global analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    18. Wu, Jianxin & Wu, Yanrui & Se Cheong, Tsun & Yu, Yanni, 2018. "Distribution dynamics of energy intensity in Chinese cities," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 875-889.
    19. Carlo Andrea Bollino & Marzio Galeotti, 2021. "On the Water-Energy-Food Nexus: Is there Multivariate Convergence?," Working Papers 2021.06, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei.
    20. Mohammadi, Hassan & Ram, Rati, 2017. "Convergence in energy consumption per capita across the US states, 1970–2013: An exploration through selected parametric and non-parametric methods," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 404-410.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:254:y:2022:i:pa:s0360544222011203. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.