IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v249y2022ics0360544222003280.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Characteristics of thermal stratification and its effects on HVAC energy consumption for an atrium building in south China

Author

Listed:
  • Dai, Baolian
  • Tong, Yan
  • Hu, Qi
  • Chen, Zheng

Abstract

More and more public buildings have functional zones without physical partitioning, and non-uniform thermal environments often exist inside it. Understanding this phenomenon and its influences on HVAC energy consumption is of great significance. Field measurements were carried out on a transport station in Nanjing, South China during daytimes, and thermal stratifications were found to be evident in the non-air-conditioned atrium with the linear gradients being range of 0.06–2.0 °C/m. An energy model coupled with CFD model is developed and verified by measured data. Further simulations are performed under cases of atrium height, glazed-roof material and season. The results show that the CFD simulated convective heat transfer coefficients of inner surfaces (CHTCIS) of the atrium vary according to scenario; linear temperature gradients differ by cases, and specifically there are two gradients in hot summer with the dimensionless interface heights being approximately 0.56–0.6; the HVAC loads of the air-conditioned zones are estimated to be 115–146 W/m2 when adopting thermal stratification and user-defined CHTCIS, and larger than that when no thermal stratification and built-in CHTCIS. The double low-e 6 mm plane glass contributes to the most favorable temperatures in both cold winter and hot summer, followed by the smallest HVAC loads.

Suggested Citation

  • Dai, Baolian & Tong, Yan & Hu, Qi & Chen, Zheng, 2022. "Characteristics of thermal stratification and its effects on HVAC energy consumption for an atrium building in south China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:249:y:2022:i:c:s0360544222003280
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2022.123425
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544222003280
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2022.123425?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ochoa, Carlos E. & Aries, Myriam B.C. & van Loenen, Evert J. & Hensen, Jan L.M., 2012. "Considerations on design optimization criteria for windows providing low energy consumption and high visual comfort," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 238-245.
    2. Lee, J.W. & Jung, H.J. & Park, J.Y. & Lee, J.B. & Yoon, Y., 2013. "Optimization of building window system in Asian regions by analyzing solar heat gain and daylighting elements," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 522-531.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Gao, Yuan & Miyata, Shohei & Akashi, Yasunori, 2023. "How to improve the application potential of deep learning model in HVAC fault diagnosis: Based on pruning and interpretable deep learning method," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 348(C).
    2. Huang, He & Wang, Honglei & Hu, Yu-Jie & Li, Chengjiang & Wang, Xiaolin, 2022. "Optimal plan for energy conservation and CO2 emissions reduction of public buildings considering users' behavior: Case of China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PA).
    3. Xu, Desheng & Li, Yanfeng & Du, Tianmei & Zhong, Hua & Huang, Youbo & Li, Lei & Xiangling, Duanmu, 2024. "Investigating the influence of outdoor temperature variations on fire-induced smoke behavior in an atrium-type underground metro station using hybrid ventilation systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 287(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Halil Alibaba, 2016. "Determination of Optimum Window to External Wall Ratio for Offices in a Hot and Humid Climate," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-21, February.
    2. Pilechiha, Peiman & Mahdavinejad, Mohammadjavad & Pour Rahimian, Farzad & Carnemolla, Phillippa & Seyedzadeh, Saleh, 2020. "Multi-objective optimisation framework for designing office windows: quality of view, daylight and energy efficiency," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    3. Ihara, Takeshi & Gustavsen, Arild & Jelle, Bjørn Petter, 2015. "Effect of facade components on energy efficiency in office buildings," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 422-432.
    4. Bastien, Diane & Athienitis, Andreas K., 2015. "Methodology for selecting fenestration systems in heating dominated climates," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 1004-1019.
    5. Refat, Khalid H. & Sajjad, Redwan N., 2020. "Prospect of achieving net-zero energy building with semi-transparent photovoltaics: A device to system level perspective," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    6. Waldo Bustamante & Sergio Vera & Alejandro Prieto & Claudio Vásquez, 2014. "Solar and Lighting Transmission through Complex Fenestration Systems of Office Buildings in a Warm and Dry Climate of Chile," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(5), pages 1-16, May.
    7. Zhai, Yingni & Wang, Yi & Huang, Yanqiu & Meng, Xiaojing, 2019. "A multi-objective optimization methodology for window design considering energy consumption, thermal environment and visual performance," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C), pages 1190-1199.
    8. Ferenc Kalmár & Tünde Kalmár, 2020. "Thermal Comfort Aspects of Solar Gains during the Heating Season," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-15, April.
    9. Lešnik, Maja & Kravanja, Stojan & Premrov, Miroslav & Žegarac Leskovar, Vesna, 2020. "Optimal design of timber-glass upgrade modules for vertical building extension from the viewpoints of energy efficiency and visual comfort," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    10. Haiqiang Liu & Zhihao Zhang & Xidong Ma & Weite Lu & Dongze Li & Shoichi Kojima, 2021. "Optimization Analysis of the Residential Window-to-Wall Ratio Based on Numerical Calculation of Energy Consumption in the Hot-Summer and Cold-Winter Zone of China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-24, May.
    11. Karolis Banionis & Jurga Kumžienė & Arūnas Burlingis & Juozas Ramanauskas & Valdas Paukštys, 2021. "The Changes in Thermal Transmittance of Window Insulating Glass Units Depending on Outdoor Temperatures in Cold Climate Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-22, March.
    12. Amir Faraji & Maria Rashidi & Fatemeh Rezaei & Payam Rahnamayiezekavat, 2023. "A Meta-Synthesis Review of Occupant Comfort Assessment in Buildings (2002–2022)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(5), pages 1-36, February.
    13. Seok-Hyun Kim & Hakgeun Jeong & Soo Cho, 2019. "A Study on Changes of Window Thermal Performance by Analysis of Physical Test Results in Korea," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-17, October.
    14. Zhang, Shicong & Jiang, Yiqiang & Xu, Wei & Li, Huai & Yu, Zhen, 2016. "Operating performance in cooling mode of a ground source heat pump of a nearly-zero energy building in the cold region of China," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(P3), pages 1045-1052.
    15. Haibo Yu & Hui Zhang & Xiaolin Han & Ningcheng Gao & Zikang Ke & Junle Yan, 2023. "An Empirical Study of a Passive Exterior Window for an Office Building in the Context of Ultra-Low Energy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-23, September.
    16. Roberta Moschetti & Shabnam Homaei & Ellika Taveres-Cachat & Steinar Grynning, 2022. "Assessing Responsive Building Envelope Designs through Robustness-Based Multi-Criteria Decision Making in Zero-Emission Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-27, February.
    17. Seo, Dong-yeon & Koo, Choongwan & Hong, Taehoon, 2015. "A Lagrangian finite element model for estimating the heating and cooling demand of a residential building with a different envelope design," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 66-79.
    18. Sun, Yanyi & Liang, Runqi & Wu, Yupeng & Wilson, Robin & Rutherford, Peter, 2017. "Development of a comprehensive method to analyse glazing systems with Parallel Slat Transparent Insulation material (PS-TIM)," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 205(C), pages 951-963.
    19. Capeluto, I. Guedi & Ochoa, Carlos E., 2014. "Simulation-based method to determine climatic energy strategies of an adaptable building retrofit façade system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 375-384.
    20. Mehdi Amirkhani & Veronica Garcia-Hansen & Gillian Isoardi & Alicia Allan, 2017. "An Energy Efficient Lighting Design Strategy to Enhance Visual Comfort in Offices with Windows," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-16, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:249:y:2022:i:c:s0360544222003280. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.