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Optimized wind and wave energy resource assessment and offshore exploitability in the Mediterranean Sea

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  • Ferrari, Francesco
  • Besio, Giovanni
  • Cassola, Federico
  • Mazzino, Andrea

Abstract

A mapping of wind and wave potentials of the whole Mediterranean basin, aimed at identifying the areas where wind and wave events are not time-correlated, was performed in order to plan offshore coupled wind-wave energy extraction. For this purpose, meteorological and marine conditions of the whole Mediterranean basin for the period 1979–2016 were obtained by means of WRF and WaveWatchIII simulations. More promising areas where to plan a hybrid installation for the joint exploitation of wind and wave energy resources were thus selected on the basis of a suitable statistical index. Such an index, combines information on the availability of wind and waves together with the degree of correlation of the occurrence of the two resources. The index will efficiently select the most interesting area in the Mediterranean Sea characterized by non-concomitant-in-time availability of wind and wave thus ensuring an optimized time-availability of the combined resources. Finally the power production of an hypothetical hybrid plant composed by different models of wind rotors and wave energy converters is evaluated for four test sites. The results of this analysis shows that the described index represents a useful tool for preliminary evaluation of areas where combined wind-wave energy extraction could be more profitable.

Suggested Citation

  • Ferrari, Francesco & Besio, Giovanni & Cassola, Federico & Mazzino, Andrea, 2020. "Optimized wind and wave energy resource assessment and offshore exploitability in the Mediterranean Sea," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:190:y:2020:i:c:s0360544219321425
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.116447
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    5. Gao, Qiang & Yuan, Rui & Ertugrul, Nesimi & Ding, Boyin & Hayward, Jennifer A. & Li, Ye, 2023. "Analysis of energy variability and costs for offshore wind and hybrid power unit with equivalent energy storage system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 342(C).
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    7. Kamranzad, Bahareh & Takara, Kaoru, 2020. "A climate-dependent sustainability index for wave energy resources in Northeast Asia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    8. Martić, Ivana & Degiuli, Nastia & Grlj, Carlo Giorgio, 2024. "Scaling of wave energy converters for optimum performance in the Adriatic Sea," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    9. Perini de Souza, Noele Bissoli & Sperandio Nascimento, Erick Giovani & Bandeira Santos, Alex Alisson & Moreira, Davidson Martins, 2022. "Wind mapping using the mesoscale WRF model in a tropical region of Brazil," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    10. Wan, Ling & Moan, Torgeir & Gao, Zhen & Shi, Wei, 2024. "A review on the technical development of combined wind and wave energy conversion systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    11. Rasool, Safdar & Muttaqi, Kashem M. & Sutanto, Danny & Hemer, Mark, 2022. "Quantifying the reduction in power variability of co-located offshore wind-wave farms," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 1018-1033.
    12. Lira-Loarca, Andrea & Ferrari, Francesco & Mazzino, Andrea & Besio, Giovanni, 2021. "Future wind and wave energy resources and exploitability in the Mediterranean Sea by 2100," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 302(C).
    13. Gao, Qiang & Khan, Salman Saeed & Sergiienko, Nataliia & Ertugrul, Nesimi & Hemer, Mark & Negnevitsky, Michael & Ding, Boyin, 2022. "Assessment of wind and wave power characteristic and potential for hybrid exploration in Australia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    14. Li, Jiangxia & Pan, Shunqi & Chen, Yongping & Yao, Yu & Xu, Conghao, 2022. "Assessment of combined wind and wave energy in the tropical cyclone affected region:An application in China seas," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    15. Chen, Weixing & Zhou, Boen & Huang, Hao & Lu, Yunfei & Li, Shaoxun & Gao, Feng, 2022. "Design, modeling and performance analysis of a deployable WEC for ocean robots," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 327(C).
    16. P Patel, Ravi & Nagababu, Garlapati & Kachhwaha, Surendra Singh & V V Arun Kumar, Surisetty & M, Seemanth, 2022. "Combined wind and wave resource assessment and energy extraction along the Indian coast," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 931-945.
    17. Laface, Valentina & Arena, Felice, 2023. "Extremes and resource assessment of wind and waves in central Mediterranean Sea," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PA).
    18. Shabnam Hosseinzadeh & Amir Etemad-Shahidi & Rodney A. Stewart, 2023. "Site Selection of Combined Offshore Wind and Wave Energy Farms: A Systematic Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-33, February.
    19. Gideon, Roan A. & Bou-Zeid, Elie, 2021. "Collocating offshore wind and wave generators to reduce power output variability: A Multi-site analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 163(C), pages 1548-1559.
    20. Foteinis, Spyros, 2022. "Wave energy converters in low energy seas: Current state and opportunities," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    21. Lo Re, Carlo & Manno, Giorgio & Basile, Mirko & Ciraolo, Giuseppe, 2022. "The opportunity of using wave energy converters in a Mediterranean hot spot," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C), pages 1095-1114.
    22. Chen, Weixing & Lin, Xiongsen & Lu, Yunfei & Li, Shaoxun & Wang, Lucai & Zhang, Yongkuang & Gao, Feng, 2023. "Design and experiment of a double-wing wave energy converter," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 1497-1506.
    23. Wen, Yi & Kamranzad, Bahareh & Lin, Pengzhi, 2022. "Joint exploitation potential of offshore wind and wave energy along the south and southeast coasts of China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).

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