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Effects of the aqueous phase recycling on bio-oil yield in hydrothermal liquefaction of Spirulina Platensis, α-cellulose, and lignin

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  • Chen, Haitao
  • He, Zhixia
  • Zhang, Bo
  • Feng, Huan
  • Kandasamy, Sabariswaran
  • Wang, Bin

Abstract

The utilization of hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL), an efficient thermochemical conversion technology, can produce biofuels from biomass, but also a large amount of processing wastewater. In the present paper, the aqueous phase from the HTL of Spirulina Platensis was recycled as the intermediate reactant and its effects on the bio-oil yield from the HTL of Spirulina Platensis, α-Cellulose, and Lignin were investigated. The results revealed that the best bio-oil yields obtained from HTL of Spirulina Platensis and α-Cellulose in pure water were 30 and 7.03 wt% at the optimized operation conditions. Aqueous phase obtained from HTL of Spirulina Platensis could be introduced return into HTL system and result in an obvious increase in the bio-oil yield by 10 wt% and 6 wt% from HTL of Spirulina Platensis and α-Cellulose, respectively. Energy recovery rates from bio-oil were improved greatly by applying aqueous phase recycling during HTL. However, aqueous phase recycling inhibited generation of bio-oil, suggesting the presence of the antagonistic reaction between protein aqueous and Lignin. Based on the gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analysis of the aqueous phase and bio-oil, the possible reaction pathways were deduced.

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  • Chen, Haitao & He, Zhixia & Zhang, Bo & Feng, Huan & Kandasamy, Sabariswaran & Wang, Bin, 2019. "Effects of the aqueous phase recycling on bio-oil yield in hydrothermal liquefaction of Spirulina Platensis, α-cellulose, and lignin," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 1103-1113.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:179:y:2019:i:c:p:1103-1113
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.04.184
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    6. Chen, Xinfei & Ma, Xiaoqian & Zeng, Xianghao & Zheng, Chupeng & Lu, Xiaoluan, 2020. "Ethanol addition during aqueous phase recirculation for further improving bio-oil yield and quality," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(C).
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