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Experimental and numerical investigations on the thermal performance of a borehole ground heat exchanger with PCM backfill

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  • Yang, Weibo
  • Xu, Rui
  • Yang, Binbin
  • Yang, Jingjing

Abstract

Borehole ground heat exchanger (BGHE) with phase change material (PCM) backfill is a new type of efficient geothermal energy utilization technology. In this paper, a simulation experimental system on the thermal performance of BGHE with PCM backfill has been built. The experimental performance investigations of the BGHE operated in summer and winter modes have been conducted. The results indicate that the soil thermal interference radius with PCM backfill are about 86.5% and 87.8% of that with soil backfill for summer and winter modes, respectively. At the same time, the PCM backfill can increase the heat exchange rate of BGHE and delay the variation of soil temperature due to the latent heat release of PCM during the phase change. The mass ratio of mixed acid to oleic acid content has great influence on the soil thermal interference radius and heat transfer rate of BGHE. The minimum soil thermal interference radius throughout the year is found to be 0.47 m at the mass ratio of 4:6 under the test conditions, and the corresponding total heat transfer of BGHE are 16146.09 and 4966.13 kJ for summer and winter mode, respectively. To further study the effects of thermal properties of PCM, running time and alternate cooling and heating operation, numerical simulation on the influences of phase change temperatures, latent heats, different time ratios of operation to off and alternate cooling and heating cycle on the soil temperature variation and energy storage performance of BGHE with PCM backfill have been undertaken. The results show that the heat exchange rate of the BGHE can be significantly enhanced by backfilling PCM with low and high phase change temperature for summer and winter modes, respectively. For improving energy storage effect and shortening soil thermal interference radius of the BGHE, a PCM with large latent heat should be used. During the alternate cooling and heating cycle, PCM backfill can reduce the peak value of soil temperature fluctuation and delay the recovery rate of soil temperature, and the daily total heat transfer amount of single borehole can be improved. Additionally, in order to balance soil temperature and PCM recovery, an optimal ratio of operation to recovery time should be found for a specific building.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang, Weibo & Xu, Rui & Yang, Binbin & Yang, Jingjing, 2019. "Experimental and numerical investigations on the thermal performance of a borehole ground heat exchanger with PCM backfill," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 216-235.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:174:y:2019:i:c:p:216-235
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2019.02.172
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    1. Yuan, Yanping & Cao, Xiaoling & Sun, Liangliang & Lei, Bo & Yu, Nanyang, 2012. "Ground source heat pump system: A review of simulation in China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(9), pages 6814-6822.
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    2. Gao, Xiangkui & Xiao, Yimin & Gao, Penghui, 2022. "Thermal potential improvement of an earth-air heat exchanger (EAHE) by employing backfilling for deep underground emergency ventilation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 250(C).
    3. Emanuele Bonamente & Andrea Aquino, 2019. "Environmental Performance of Innovative Ground-Source Heat Pumps with PCM Energy Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
    4. Javadi, Hossein & Urchueguía, Javier F. & Badenes, Borja & Mateo, Miguel Á. & Nejad Ghafar, Ali & Chaudhari, Ojas Arun & Zirgulis, Giedrius & Lemus, Lenin G., 2022. "Laboratory and numerical study on innovative grouting materials applicable to borehole heat exchangers (BHE) and borehole thermal energy storage (BTES) systems," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 788-804.
    5. Gholamibozanjani, Gohar & Farid, Mohammed, 2020. "Application of an active PCM storage system into a building for heating/cooling load reduction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    6. Hossein Javadi & Javier F. Urchueguia & Seyed Soheil Mousavi Ajarostaghi & Borja Badenes, 2020. "Numerical Study on the Thermal Performance of a Single U-Tube Borehole Heat Exchanger Using Nano-Enhanced Phase Change Materials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-30, October.
    7. Bottarelli, Michele & Baccega, Eleonora & Cesari, Silvia & Emmi, Giuseppe, 2022. "Role of phase change materials in backfilling of flat-panels ground heat exchanger," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 189(C), pages 1324-1336.
    8. Cao, Ziming & Zhang, Guozhu & Liu, Yiping & Zhao, Xu & Li, Chenglin, 2022. "Influence of backfilling phase change material on thermal performance of precast high-strength concrete energy pile," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 374-390.
    9. Gohar Gholamibozanjani & Mohammed Farid, 2021. "A Critical Review on the Control Strategies Applied to PCM-Enhanced Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-39, March.
    10. Luka Boban & Dino Miše & Stjepan Herceg & Vladimir Soldo, 2021. "Application and Design Aspects of Ground Heat Exchangers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-31, April.
    11. Allouhi, Amine, 2022. "Techno-economic and environmental accounting analyses of an innovative power-to-heat concept based on solar PV systems and a geothermal heat pump," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 649-661.
    12. Michele Bottarelli & Francisco Javier González Gallero, 2020. "Energy Analysis of a Dual-Source Heat Pump Coupled with Phase Change Materials," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-17, June.
    13. Emmi, Giuseppe & Bottarelli, Michele, 2023. "Enhancement of shallow ground heat exchanger with phase change material," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 206(C), pages 828-837.
    14. Liu, Qinggong & Tao, Yao & Shi, Long & Huang, Yi & Peng, Yuanling & Wang, Yong & Tu, Jiyuan, 2023. "Experimental investigations on the thermal performance of a novel ground heat exchanger under the synergistic effects of shape-stabilized phase change material and nanofluid," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    15. Yu, Ziwang & Ye, Xiaoqi & Zhang, Yanjun & Gao, Ping & Huang, Yibin, 2023. "Experimental research on the thermal conductivity of unsaturated rocks in geothermal engineering," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    16. Aminhossein Jahanbin & Giovanni Semprini & Andrea Natale Impiombato & Cesare Biserni & Eugenia Rossi di Schio, 2020. "Effects of the Circuit Arrangement on the Thermal Performance of Double U-Tube Ground Heat Exchangers," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-19, June.
    17. Shukla, Saunak & Bayomy, Ayman M. & Antoun, Sylvie & Mwesigye, Aggrey & Leong, Wey H. & Dworkin, Seth B., 2021. "Performance characterization of novel caisson-based thermal storage for ground source heat pumps," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 174(C), pages 43-54.
    18. Davide Menegazzo & Giulia Lombardo & Sergio Bobbo & Michele De Carli & Laura Fedele, 2022. "State of the Art, Perspective and Obstacles of Ground-Source Heat Pump Technology in the European Building Sector: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-25, April.

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