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A case study on the impact of nearly Zero-Energy Buildings on distribution transformer aging

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  • Lopes, Rui Amaral
  • Magalhães, Pedro
  • Gouveia, João Pedro
  • Aelenei, Daniel
  • Lima, Celson
  • Martins, João

Abstract

This paper addresses the impacts introduced on Distribution Transformer (DT) aging due to the integration of nearly Zero-Energy Buildings (nZEBs) into existing Low-Voltage Distribution Grids. The study considers a neighborhood in the Portuguese municipality of Évora where buildings are set to become nZEBs using solar Photovoltaic systems. This transition is reproduced by simulation using real pre-transition electricity demand and climate data. Following the IEC 60076-7 standard to model the aging process of the considered DT, the collected results show that nZEBs can have a positive impact on the analyzed aging process. However, when relatively high nZEB integration levels are considered, this study also reveals that the subsequent reverse power flows can achieve relatively large magnitudes, especially around noon, thus accelerating the DT's aging into prohibitive values. Given the utmost importance of the nZEB concept for the European building stock, this study identifies nZEBs operation related issues that can result from excessive coincident on-site generation and presents a battery based power export limitation strategy to mitigate such impacts on DT aging.

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  • Lopes, Rui Amaral & Magalhães, Pedro & Gouveia, João Pedro & Aelenei, Daniel & Lima, Celson & Martins, João, 2018. "A case study on the impact of nearly Zero-Energy Buildings on distribution transformer aging," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 157(C), pages 669-678.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:157:y:2018:i:c:p:669-678
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2018.05.148
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lopes, Rui Amaral & Martins, João & Aelenei, Daniel & Lima, Celson Pantoja, 2016. "A cooperative net zero energy community to improve load matching," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 1-13.
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    3. Hajipour, Ehsan & Mohiti, Maryam & Farzin, Nima & Vakilian, Mehdi, 2017. "Optimal distribution transformer sizing in a harmonic involved load environment via dynamic programming technique," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 92-105.
    4. Yazdani-Asrami, Mohammad & Mirzaie, Mohammad & Shayegani Akmal, Amir Abbas, 2013. "No-load loss calculation of distribution transformers supplied by nonsinusoidal voltage using three-dimensional finite element analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 205-219.
    5. Gouveia, João Pedro & Seixas, Júlia & Mestre, Ana, 2017. "Daily electricity consumption profiles from smart meters - Proxies of behavior for space heating and cooling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 108-122.
    6. Lu, Yuehong & Wang, Shengwei & Yan, Chengchu & Shan, Kui, 2015. "Impacts of renewable energy system design inputs on the performance robustness of net zero energy buildings," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 1595-1606.
    7. Deng, S. & Wang, R.Z. & Dai, Y.J., 2014. "How to evaluate performance of net zero energy building – A literature research," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 1-16.
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    Cited by:

    1. Nienke Maas & Vasiliki Georgiadou & Stephanie Roelofs & Rui Amaral Lopes & Anabela Pronto & João Martins, 2020. "Implementation Framework for Energy Flexibility Technologies in Alkmaar and Évora," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-16, November.
    2. Amaral Lopes, Rui & Grønborg Junker, Rune & Martins, João & Murta-Pina, João & Reynders, Glenn & Madsen, Henrik, 2020. "Characterisation and use of energy flexibility in water pumping and storage systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    3. Jia, Xiaoyu & Lin, Mei & Su, Shiwei & Wang, Qiuwang & Yang, Jian, 2022. "Numerical study on temperature rise and mechanical properties of winding in oil-immersed transformer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(PA).

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