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Harnessing the synergies between lipid-based crystallization modifiers and a polymer pour point depressant to improve pour point of biodiesel

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  • Mohanan, Athira
  • Bouzidi, Laziz
  • Narine, Suresh S.

Abstract

A series of binary mixture additives made of a pour point depressant (PPD) and a vegetable oil based crystallization modifier (VOCM) have been used to substantially improve the cold flow performance of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) of soybean oil (Soy1500). An apparatus improving on the ASTM methods was designed to measure the cloud point (CP) and pour point (PP). The mixtures dramatically altered Soy1500 crystallization from nucleation to aggregation, and delivered PP depressions reaching 30 °C. The effect was confirmed to be due to synergistic effects wherein the VOCM delays the nucleation by first combining with the saturated FAME of the biodiesel then growing structure specific crystal surfaces that effectively adsorb the PPD which provides barriers to agglomeration. The VOCM-PPD mixture constrains the biodiesel microstructure to very small crystals that are prevented from aggregating over an extended temperature range, leading to a significant depression in the PP. The most dramatic effects were achieved when the PPD is combined in optimal concentration with a VOCM having a structural element which initiates packing and another that prevents further crystallization. Importantly, the results and understanding gathered from the study can be used for the design of highly functional cold flow improver cocktail additives.

Suggested Citation

  • Mohanan, Athira & Bouzidi, Laziz & Narine, Suresh S., 2017. "Harnessing the synergies between lipid-based crystallization modifiers and a polymer pour point depressant to improve pour point of biodiesel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 895-906.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:120:y:2017:i:c:p:895-906
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.11.141
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mohanan, Athira & Bouzidi, Laziz & Li, Shaojun & Narine, Suresh S., 2016. "Mitigating crystallization of saturated fames in biodiesel: 1. Lowering crystallization temperatures via addition of metathesized soybean oil," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 335-345.
    2. Baker, Mark & Bouzidi, Laziz & Narine, Suresh S., 2015. "Mitigating crystallization of saturated FAMEs (fatty acid methyl esters) in biodiesel: 2. The phase behavior of 2-stearoyl diolein–methyl stearate binary system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 647-657.
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    4. Mohanan, Athira & Bouzidi, Laziz & Narine, Suresh S., 2016. "Mitigating crystallization of saturated FAMES (fatty acid methyl esters) in biodiesel: 4. The phase behavior of 1,3-dioleoyl-2-palmitoyl glycerol – Methyl stearate binary system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 242-252.
    5. Cao, Leichang & Wang, Jieni & Liu, Kuojin & Han, Sheng, 2014. "Ethyl acetoacetate: A potential bio-based diluent for improving the cold flow properties of biodiesel from waste cooking oil," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 18-21.
    6. Mohanan, Athira & Bouzidi, Laziz & Li, Shaojun & Narine, Suresh S., 2015. "Mitigating crystallization of saturated FAMES in biodiesel: 5. The unusual phase behavior of a structured triacylglycerol dimer and methyl palmitate binary system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P1), pages 1011-1021.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhang, Xiaokang & Li, Nana & Wei, Zhong & Han, Sheng & Dai, Bin & Lin, Hualin, 2022. "Synthesis of nano-hybrid polymethacrylate-carbon dots as pour point depressant and combined with ethylene-vinyl acetate resin to improve the cold flow properties of diesel fuels," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    2. Cui, Lulu & Li, Xin & Ren, Feihe & Lin, Hualin & Han, Sheng, 2024. "A novel pour point depressant with diesel cold-flow properties: Performance evaluation of benzene-containing ternary copolymers," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 288(C).
    3. Ren, Feihe & Lu, Yilin & Sun, Bin & Wang, Chenchen & Yan, Jincan & Lin, Hualin & Xue, Yuan & Han, Sheng, 2022. "Structure regulation and influence of comb copolymers as pour point depressants on low temperature fluidity of diesel fuel," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PC).

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