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Banana peels as a biobase catalyst for fatty acid methyl esters production using Napoleon's plume (Bauhinia monandra) seed oil: A process parameters optimization study

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  • Betiku, Eriola
  • Akintunde, Aramide Mistura
  • Ojumu, Tunde Victor

Abstract

The potential of banana peels as a suitable catalyst for conversion of Bauhinia monandra seed oil (BMSO) to fatty acidy methyl ester (FAME) in a transesterification reaction was investigated. The FAME was produced through a two-step method of esterification and transesterification. The high free fatty acid (FFA) content of BMSO was reduced in the esterification reaction to less than 1% using reaction conditions of methanol/FFA molar ratio of 46:1, Fe2(SO4)3 of 12 wt.%, and reaction time of 75 min. The design of experiments (DoE) was applied in the transesterification step to investigate the effect of pertinent process parameters on the yield of BMME (Bauhinia monandra methyl esters). The results showed that BMME, which is consistent with ASTM D-6751 and EN 14214 standards, can be obtained at an optimum yield of 98.5 ± 0.18 wt.% using catalyst loading of 2.75 wt.%, methanol/oil molar ratio of 7.6:1 and reaction time of 69.02 min. FT-IR, XRD, SEM and elemental analysis revealed that the catalytic action of banana peels was as a result of the potassium content and the microstructural formation when calcined at 700 °C. The study revealed the possibility of developing heterogeneous catalyst from banana peels for FAME production, which may reduce the overall cost of production.

Suggested Citation

  • Betiku, Eriola & Akintunde, Aramide Mistura & Ojumu, Tunde Victor, 2016. "Banana peels as a biobase catalyst for fatty acid methyl esters production using Napoleon's plume (Bauhinia monandra) seed oil: A process parameters optimization study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 797-806.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:103:y:2016:i:c:p:797-806
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.02.138
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    1. Gohain, Minakshi & Laskar, Khairujjaman & Paul, Atanu Kumar & Daimary, Niran & Maharana, Mrutyunjay & Goswami, Imon Kalyan & Hazarika, Anil & Bora, Utpal & Deka, Dhanapati, 2020. "Carica papaya stem: A source of versatile heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production and C–C bond formation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 147(P1), pages 541-555.
    2. Daimary, Niran & Boruah, Pankaj & Eldiehy, Khalifa S.H. & Pegu, Tapan & Bardhan, Pritam & Bora, Utpal & Mandal, Manabendra & Deka, Dhanapati, 2022. "Musa acuminata peel: A bioresource for bio-oil and by-product utilization as a sustainable source of renewable green catalyst for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 187(C), pages 450-462.
    3. Olatundun, Esther Adedayo & Borokini, Omowumi Oluwatumininu & Betiku, Eriola, 2020. "Cocoa pod husk-plantain peel blend as a novel green heterogeneous catalyst for renewable and sustainable honne oil biodiesel synthesis: A case of biowastes-to-wealth," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 166(C), pages 163-175.
    4. Jisieike, Chiazor Faustina & Ishola, Niyi Babatunde & Latinwo, Lekan M. & Betiku, Eriola, 2023. "Crude rubber seed oil esterification using a solid catalyst: Optimization by hybrid adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system and response surface methodology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 263(PB).
    5. Eldiehy, Khalifa S.H. & Gohain, Minakshi & Daimary, Niran & Borah, Doljit & Mandal, Manabendra & Deka, Dhanapati, 2022. "Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) leaves: A novel source for a highly efficient heterogeneous base catalyst for biodiesel production using waste soybean cooking oil and Scenedesmus obliquus oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C), pages 888-901.
    6. Akhabue, Christopher Ehiaguina & Osa-Benedict, Evidence Osayi & Oyedoh, Eghe Amenze & Otoikhian, Shegun Kevin, 2020. "Development of a bio-based bifunctional catalyst for simultaneous esterification and transesterification of neem seed oil: Modeling and optimization studies," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 724-735.
    7. Laskar, Ikbal Bahar & Gupta, Rajat & Chatterjee, Sushovan & Vanlalveni, Chhangte & Rokhum, Lalthazuala, 2020. "Taming waste: Waste Mangifera indica peel as a sustainable catalyst for biodiesel production at room temperature," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 207-220.
    8. Mendonça, Iasmin M. & Paes, Orlando A.R.L. & Maia, Paulo J.S. & Souza, Mayane P. & Almeida, Richardson A. & Silva, Cláudia C. & Duvoisin, Sérgio & de Freitas, Flávio A., 2019. "New heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production from waste tucumã peels (Astrocaryum aculeatum Meyer): Parameters optimization study," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 103-110.
    9. Nath, Biswajit & Basumatary, Bidangshri & Brahma, Sujata & Das, Bipul & Kalita, Pranjal & Rokhum, Samuel Lalthazuala & Basumatary, Sanjay, 2023. "Musa champa peduncle waste-derived efficient catalyst: Studies of biodiesel synthesis, reaction kinetics and thermodynamics," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 270(C).
    10. He, Xin & Wang, Ning & Zhou, Qiaoqiao & Huang, Jun & Ramakrishna, Seeram & Li, Fanghua, 2024. "Smart aviation biofuel energy system coupling with machine learning technology," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PB).
    11. Pooja, S. & Anbarasan, B. & Ponnusami, V. & Arumugam, A., 2021. "Efficient production and optimization of biodiesel from kapok (Ceiba pentandra) oil by lipase transesterification process: Addressing positive environmental impact," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(P1), pages 619-631.
    12. Nath, Biswajit & Kalita, Pranjal & Das, Bipul & Basumatary, Sanjay, 2020. "Highly efficient renewable heterogeneous base catalyst derived from waste Sesamum indicum plant for synthesis of biodiesel," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 295-310.
    13. Das, Arpita & Li, Hui & Kataki, Rupam & Agrawal, Pratibha S. & Moyon, N.S. & Gurunathan, Baskar & Rokhum, Samuel Lalthazuala, 2023. "Terminalia arjuna bark – A highly efficient renewable heterogeneous base catalyst for biodiesel production," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C), pages 185-196.
    14. Miladinović, Marija R. & Krstić, Jugoslav B. & Zdujić, Miodrag V. & Veselinović, Ljiljana M. & Veljović, Djordje N. & Banković-Ilić, Ivana B. & Stamenković, Olivera S. & Veljković, Vlada B., 2022. "Transesterification of used cooking sunflower oil catalyzed by hazelnut shell ash," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 103-113.
    15. Janakiraman, S. & Lakshmanan, T. & Raghu, P., 2021. "Experimental investigative analysis of ternary (diesel + biodiesel + bio-ethanol) fuel blended with metal-doped titanium oxide nanoadditives tested on a diesel engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    16. Balajii, Muthusamy & Niju, Subramaniapillai, 2020. "Banana peduncle – A green and renewable heterogeneous base catalyst for biodiesel production from Ceiba pentandra oil," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 2255-2269.

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