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China and the energy matrix in Latin America: Governance and geopolitical perspective

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  • Ugarteche, Oscar
  • de León, Carlos
  • García, Joselin

Abstract

The importance of energy for States is fundamental. The proper functioning of production depends on energy security and energy policies. It is an object of geopolitics to control a region's production strategically. With the fight against climate change, green energy policies became relevant. In Latin America, the energy supply has various fossil and non-fossil fuels, primarily hydroelectric and alternative renewables. Energy demand is weak for EVs and mass transport vehicles. The energy matrix change process is led by China in Latin America, with a powerful presence through both credits and investments, both in renewable energy generation and the demand for EVs. Generally, she has invested the most money in energy in the world. Theoretically, there is a geopolitical issue as China has stepped into the US “backyard”. The result is that the energy matrix change has implications for domestic taxation, international trade, and inter-American relations. Chinese foreign direct investment (FDI) in Latin America has concentrated mainly on renewable energy since 2015, with strong resistance from the United States.

Suggested Citation

  • Ugarteche, Oscar & de León, Carlos & García, Joselin, 2023. "China and the energy matrix in Latin America: Governance and geopolitical perspective," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:177:y:2023:i:c:s0301421523000204
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2023.113435
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Wang, Xueyang & Sun, Xiumei & Ahmad, Mahmood & Chen, Jiawei, 2024. "Energy transition, ecological governance, globalization, and environmental sustainability: Insights from the top ten emitting countries," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    2. Kai‐Hua Wang & Zu‐Shan Wang & Hong‐Wen Liu & Xin Li, 2023. "Economic policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk: evidence from China and Southeast Asia," Asian-Pacific Economic Literature, The Crawford School, The Australian National University, vol. 37(2), pages 96-118, November.

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