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Coal-to-gas heating compensation standard and willingness to make clean energy choices in typical rural areas of northern China

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  • Yan, Yutong
  • Jiao, Wenxian
  • Wang, Kang
  • Huang, Yatao
  • Chen, Jingyang
  • Han, Qingfeng

Abstract

The implementation of the coal-to-gas (C2G) project is the key to achieving the transition to clean energy and improving air quality in rural areas in the north of China. Based on the survey data of 374 households in the town of Mishan, which is in the city of Jincheng in Shanxi Province, the C2G heating compensation standard was calculated using the minimum data method, and the key factors affecting farmers' choice of clean energy were analyzed using logistic regression models. The results were as follows. (i) The C2G project almost doubled the heating expenditure of farmers. (ii) When the compensation standard increased, the ratio of newly added C2G heating area and newly reduced pollutant emissions increased non-linearly. To achieve an environmental goal of reducing particulate matter by 40%, the government will need to compensate each household by 3.56 CNY/m2 per month, which is 1.35 times the current compensation standard. When the monthly compensation is 9 CNY/m2, the comprehensive best economic and environmental benefits can be achieved. (iii) The per capita annual income of households and the permanent population of households are the most significant variables affecting farmers' choice of clean energy. Introducing environmental perception variables, such as adaptive efficacy perception and self-efficacy perception, can help to identify the willingness of farmers to choose clean energy.

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  • Yan, Yutong & Jiao, Wenxian & Wang, Kang & Huang, Yatao & Chen, Jingyang & Han, Qingfeng, 2020. "Coal-to-gas heating compensation standard and willingness to make clean energy choices in typical rural areas of northern China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 145(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:145:y:2020:i:c:s0301421520304262
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111698
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    Cited by:

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    3. Wu Xie & Chen Chen & Fangyi Li & Bofeng Cai & Ranran Yang & Libin Cao & Pengcheng Wu & Lingyun Pang, 2021. "Key Factors of Rural Households’ Willingness to Pay for Cleaner Heating in Hebi: A Case Study in Northern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-15, January.
    4. Li, Meng & Jin, Tianyu & Liu, Shenglong & Zhou, Shaojie, 2021. "The cost of clean energy transition in rural China: Evidence based on marginal treatment effects," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 97(C).
    5. Jingeng Huo & Zhenqin Shi & Wenbo Zhu & Tianqi Li & Hua Xue & Xin Chen & Yanhui Yan & Ran Ma, 2022. "Construction and Optimization of an Ecological Network in Zhengzhou Metropolitan Area, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(13), pages 1-20, June.
    6. Fan, Shengyue & Zha, Shuai & Zhao, Chenxi & Sizheng, Fangyuan & Li, Meihui, 2022. "Using energy vulnerability to measure distributive injustice in rural heating energy reform: A case study of natural gas replacing bulk coal for heating in Gaocheng District, Hebei Province, China," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    7. Luo, Xi & Gao, Yaru & Liu, Xiaojun & Sun, Yongkai & Li, Na & Liu, Jianghua, 2023. "ACHRA: A novel model to study the propagation of clean heating acceptance among rural residents based on social networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 333(C).
    8. Chen, Si-Yuan & Xue, Meng-Tian & Wang, Zhao-Hua & Tian, Xin & Zhang, Bin, 2022. "Exploring pathways of phasing out clean heating subsidies for rural residential buildings in China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    9. Zhang, Ruining & Ai, Xianneng & Li, Hui, 2023. "How to design subsidy policies for clean energy projects? A study on “coal-to-gas” project in China," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PB).
    10. Wu, Desheng & Xie, Yu & Liu, Dingjie, 2023. "Rethinking the complex effects of the clean energy transition on air pollution abatement: Evidence from China's coal-to-gas policy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    11. Li, Hui & Zhang, Ruining & Ai, Xianneng, 2022. "Cost estimation of “coal-to-gas” project: Government and residents’ perspectives," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    12. Zhang, Zongxi & Zhou, Yuguang & Zhao, Nan & Li, Huan & Tohniyaz, Bahargul & Mperejekumana, Philbert & Hong, Quan & Wu, Rucong & Li, Gang & Sultan, Muhammad & Zayan, Ali Mohammed Ibrahim & Cao, Jinxin , 2021. "Clean heating during winter season in Northern China: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).

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