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Health and economic benefits of cleaner residential heating in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region in China

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  • Zhang, Xiang
  • Jin, Yana
  • Dai, Hancheng
  • Xie, Yang
  • Zhang, Shiqiu

Abstract

Millions of households in many underdeveloped countries use coal stoves for heating, which remains a major air pollution source. Since 2015, policies for substituting residential coal use with electricity have been implemented at unprecedented levels in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei (BTH) region, one of the most severely air polluted areas in China. This study evaluated the health benefits of the residential “coal-to-electricity” policy in the BTH region. We developed an integrated assessment model to investigate the impact of the policy on both the ambient and indoor air quality improvement. The private health benefits from indoor air quality improvements do not justify the costs. However, adding the spillover public health benefits from ambient air quality improvements, the policy brings net social benefits to the BTH region. Compared to a no-policy scenario, Beijing obtains the most health benefits and enjoys the most synergies from regional cooperation among the three provinces/municipalities. Hebei bears the highest cost since it has more households fueled by coal. Our results showing net social benefits provide support for a massive and accelerated implementation of this policy in the BTH region. The provincial distributional results can provide a reference for subsidies from Beijing and Tianjin to Hebei for achieving region-wide implementation.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhang, Xiang & Jin, Yana & Dai, Hancheng & Xie, Yang & Zhang, Shiqiu, 2019. "Health and economic benefits of cleaner residential heating in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 165-178.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:enepol:v:127:y:2019:i:c:p:165-178
    DOI: 10.1016/j.enpol.2018.12.008
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    2. Wu Xie & Chen Chen & Fangyi Li & Bofeng Cai & Ranran Yang & Libin Cao & Pengcheng Wu & Lingyun Pang, 2021. "Key Factors of Rural Households’ Willingness to Pay for Cleaner Heating in Hebi: A Case Study in Northern China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-15, January.
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    6. Yang, Tianqi & Shu, Yun & Zhang, Shaohui & Wang, Hongchang & Zhu, Jinwei & Wang, Fan, 2023. "Impacts of end-use electrification on air quality and CO2 emissions in China's northern cities in 2030," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(PA).
    7. Liu, Hongxun & Mauzerall, Denise L., 2020. "Costs of clean heating in China: Evidence from rural households in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    8. Jin, Yana & Liu, Xiaorui & Chen, Xiang & Dai, Hancheng, 2020. "Allowance allocation matters in China's carbon emissions trading system," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 92(C).
    9. Chenen Ma & Lina Madaniyazi & Yang Xie, 2021. "Impact of the Electric Vehicle Policies on Environment and Health in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei Region," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(2), pages 1-14, January.
    10. Chen, Si-Yuan & Xue, Meng-Tian & Wang, Zhao-Hua & Tian, Xin & Zhang, Bin, 2022. "Exploring pathways of phasing out clean heating subsidies for rural residential buildings in China," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).
    11. Zhang, Xiao-Bing & Xie, Lunyu & Zhang, Xinyi & Hu, Xian, 2020. "Energy Poverty and Household Energy Transition in Rural China," EfD Discussion Paper 20-15, Environment for Development, University of Gothenburg.
    12. Yang, Xi & Pang, Jun & Teng, Fei & Gong, Ruixin & Springer, Cecilia, 2021. "The environmental co-benefit and economic impact of China's low-carbon pathways: Evidence from linking bottom-up and top-down models," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    13. Xie, Lunyu & Wei, Chu & Zheng, Xinye & Liu, Yang & Wu, Wanyi & Feng, Ziru, 2023. "Who benefits from household energy transition? A cost-benefit analysis based on household survey data in China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    14. Guo, Xiaodan & Xiao, Bowen, 2022. "How can pricing strategy for district heating help China realize cleaner residential heating?," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    15. Xiang, Chenxi & Xie, Lunyu & Zheng, Xinye, 2024. "Can a mandate be justified by unrealized gains? Evidence from a heating energy transition program in China," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).

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